The passage discusses the potential therapeutic approaches for multiple sclerosis (MS) and schizophrenia. For MS, cyclosporin A has shown symptomatic improvement with minor side effects, but its use should be cautious due to reports of lymphoma development. Another promising approach involves enhancing suppressor cell activity, which is depressed during acute relapses in MS. For schizophrenia, the nature of the disease remains unclear, and there is debate about whether it involves a single or multiple pathological processes. The primary disturbance is often attributed to chemical imbalances, particularly in dopamine transmission. Dopamine antagonists are effective in treating positive symptoms (delusions, hallucinations, and thought disorder) but not negative symptoms (affective flattening and poverty of speech). Postmortem studies suggest that an increase in dopamine receptors may be a key factor in the disease, but the exact mechanisms and the role of other neurotransmitters are still under investigation. The author proposes that schizophrenia may consist of two distinct syndromes: an acute type associated with dopaminergic transmission and a chronic type characterized by negative symptoms and structural brain changes.The passage discusses the potential therapeutic approaches for multiple sclerosis (MS) and schizophrenia. For MS, cyclosporin A has shown symptomatic improvement with minor side effects, but its use should be cautious due to reports of lymphoma development. Another promising approach involves enhancing suppressor cell activity, which is depressed during acute relapses in MS. For schizophrenia, the nature of the disease remains unclear, and there is debate about whether it involves a single or multiple pathological processes. The primary disturbance is often attributed to chemical imbalances, particularly in dopamine transmission. Dopamine antagonists are effective in treating positive symptoms (delusions, hallucinations, and thought disorder) but not negative symptoms (affective flattening and poverty of speech). Postmortem studies suggest that an increase in dopamine receptors may be a key factor in the disease, but the exact mechanisms and the role of other neurotransmitters are still under investigation. The author proposes that schizophrenia may consist of two distinct syndromes: an acute type associated with dopaminergic transmission and a chronic type characterized by negative symptoms and structural brain changes.