Metastasis, the process by which cancer cells spread to distant organs, remains a significant challenge in cancer research due to its complexity and poor understanding. This review article explores recent advancements in the field of metastasis, highlighting key molecular principles and mechanisms that govern the dissemination and colonization of cancer cells. The authors discuss the role of chromosomal instability, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), genetic and epigenetic modifications, and the tumor microenvironment in driving metastasis. They also delve into the mechanisms of intravasation, circulation, extravasation, and colonization, emphasizing the importance of integrins, chemokines, and immune interactions. Additionally, the article addresses the concept of dormancy, where cancer cells enter a quiescent state to evade detection and therapy. The review underscores the need for further research to identify therapeutic targets and develop effective interventions to combat metastasis.Metastasis, the process by which cancer cells spread to distant organs, remains a significant challenge in cancer research due to its complexity and poor understanding. This review article explores recent advancements in the field of metastasis, highlighting key molecular principles and mechanisms that govern the dissemination and colonization of cancer cells. The authors discuss the role of chromosomal instability, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), genetic and epigenetic modifications, and the tumor microenvironment in driving metastasis. They also delve into the mechanisms of intravasation, circulation, extravasation, and colonization, emphasizing the importance of integrins, chemokines, and immune interactions. Additionally, the article addresses the concept of dormancy, where cancer cells enter a quiescent state to evade detection and therapy. The review underscores the need for further research to identify therapeutic targets and develop effective interventions to combat metastasis.