A consensus paper on the molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma outlines four main subgroups: Wnt, Shh, Group 3, and Group 4. These subgroups differ in demographics, transcriptomes, genetic events, and clinical outcomes. The Wnt subgroup has a favorable prognosis, with long-term survival rates exceeding 90%. It is associated with mutations in the APC and CTNNB1 genes. The Shh subgroup is linked to the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway and is associated with mutations in PTCH, SMO, and SUFU. Group 3 tumors are characterized by high MYC expression and are more aggressive, with a higher risk of recurrence. Group 4 tumors are the most common and have an intermediate prognosis. They are associated with isochromosome 17q and other genetic changes. The paper emphasizes the importance of molecular subgrouping for clinical decision-making, as it improves prognosis prediction and guides targeted therapies. Histological features are also important, but molecular classification is increasingly recognized as a key factor in diagnosis and treatment. The paper highlights the need for further research to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying these subgroups and to develop practical tests for subgroup assignment. The consensus classification provides a framework for future research and clinical practice in medulloblastoma.A consensus paper on the molecular subgroups of medulloblastoma outlines four main subgroups: Wnt, Shh, Group 3, and Group 4. These subgroups differ in demographics, transcriptomes, genetic events, and clinical outcomes. The Wnt subgroup has a favorable prognosis, with long-term survival rates exceeding 90%. It is associated with mutations in the APC and CTNNB1 genes. The Shh subgroup is linked to the Sonic Hedgehog signaling pathway and is associated with mutations in PTCH, SMO, and SUFU. Group 3 tumors are characterized by high MYC expression and are more aggressive, with a higher risk of recurrence. Group 4 tumors are the most common and have an intermediate prognosis. They are associated with isochromosome 17q and other genetic changes. The paper emphasizes the importance of molecular subgrouping for clinical decision-making, as it improves prognosis prediction and guides targeted therapies. Histological features are also important, but molecular classification is increasingly recognized as a key factor in diagnosis and treatment. The paper highlights the need for further research to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying these subgroups and to develop practical tests for subgroup assignment. The consensus classification provides a framework for future research and clinical practice in medulloblastoma.