The article reviews the role of monocytes in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, a leading cause of cardiovascular disease. Monocytes, a heterogeneous population of circulating cells, play a crucial role in the development and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. These cells are recruited to the intima and subintima of arteries, where they can differentiate into foam cells, produce inflammatory cytokines, and contribute to plaque growth and rupture. The article discusses the recruitment of monocytes to plaques, their interaction with plaque macrophages, and the potential heterogeneity of monocyte subsets in atherosclerosis. It highlights the importance of chemokines, adhesion molecules, and integrins in monocyte recruitment and their roles in plaque progression. The article also explores the mechanisms of neovascularization within plaques and the survival of monocytes in the plaque environment. Finally, it emphasizes the need for further research to understand the specific functions of different monocyte subsets and their contributions to atherosclerosis.The article reviews the role of monocytes in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, a leading cause of cardiovascular disease. Monocytes, a heterogeneous population of circulating cells, play a crucial role in the development and progression of atherosclerotic plaques. These cells are recruited to the intima and subintima of arteries, where they can differentiate into foam cells, produce inflammatory cytokines, and contribute to plaque growth and rupture. The article discusses the recruitment of monocytes to plaques, their interaction with plaque macrophages, and the potential heterogeneity of monocyte subsets in atherosclerosis. It highlights the importance of chemokines, adhesion molecules, and integrins in monocyte recruitment and their roles in plaque progression. The article also explores the mechanisms of neovascularization within plaques and the survival of monocytes in the plaque environment. Finally, it emphasizes the need for further research to understand the specific functions of different monocyte subsets and their contributions to atherosclerosis.