This chapter reviews the current theory and research on moral emotions, focusing on negatively valenced "self-conscious" emotions—shame, guilt, and embarrassment—and positively valenced emotions—elevation, gratitude, and pride. It highlights the role of moral emotions in linking moral standards to moral behavior. The chapter discusses the distinction between shame and guilt, their relative advantages and disadvantages, and new areas of research, such as body shame, coping styles, psychobiological aspects, and the link between childhood abuse and later proneness to shame. It also explores the concept of moral emotions expanding to include positive feelings like elevation and gratitude, and briefly touches on other-oriented empathy. The chapter emphasizes that moral emotions provide motivational force for doing good and avoiding bad, and that shame and guilt have distinct psychological and behavioral consequences, with guilt being more adaptive and shame leading to maladaptive outcomes.This chapter reviews the current theory and research on moral emotions, focusing on negatively valenced "self-conscious" emotions—shame, guilt, and embarrassment—and positively valenced emotions—elevation, gratitude, and pride. It highlights the role of moral emotions in linking moral standards to moral behavior. The chapter discusses the distinction between shame and guilt, their relative advantages and disadvantages, and new areas of research, such as body shame, coping styles, psychobiological aspects, and the link between childhood abuse and later proneness to shame. It also explores the concept of moral emotions expanding to include positive feelings like elevation and gratitude, and briefly touches on other-oriented empathy. The chapter emphasizes that moral emotions provide motivational force for doing good and avoiding bad, and that shame and guilt have distinct psychological and behavioral consequences, with guilt being more adaptive and shame leading to maladaptive outcomes.