This paper evaluates the impact of ProJoven, a labor training program for poor youth in Peru. The program provides three-month training in low-skill occupations and internship opportunities, with a focus on promoting gender equality by encouraging women's participation in traditionally male-dominated jobs and subsidizing participation of mothers. The evaluation uses a two-stage matching procedure, including propensity scores and gender and labor income, to identify differentiated impacts on men and women and address the Ashenfelter's Dip problem.
The results show substantial differences in the program's impact for men and women. Eighteen months after participation, women's employment rates increased by about 15%, while men's decreased by 11%. Gender occupational segregation decreased by 30%, and women's labor income increased by 93%, while men's increased by 11%. The cost of promoting gender equality represented only 1.5% of ProJoven's total budget. These results suggest that labor training programs promoting gender equality have disproportionately positive effects on women in a labor market with significant gender differences.
ProJoven encourages equal participation in its training courses, especially for traditionally male-dominated occupations. After three months of training, beneficiaries who pass competency tests graduate to a three-month internship with a local firm. The program aims to reduce the mismatch between training and job placement by targeting occupations with proven market demand.
The evaluation used data collected from a sample of beneficiaries and control individuals over time, with four measurements: an initial baseline at the beginning of internships and three follow-ups at six, twelve, and eighteen months after internships were completed. The search for controls involved detailed fieldwork to match individuals based on characteristics such as gender, age, poverty, education, and employment status.
The econometric analysis showed that the average wages of men double those of women at the bottom percentile of the income distribution. The program's results indicate that women benefit disproportionately more than men from the training, with significant improvements in employment rates, occupational segregation, and labor income. The program also improved working conditions, with beneficiaries working in larger firms and receiving more permanent or temporary contracts. The program positively impacted hourly wages without gender differences, and the combined effects on employment status, occupational field, hours worked, and hourly wages resulted in positive overall impacts, with substantially higher benefits for women. The evaluation demonstrates the practicality of applying a non-experimental program evaluation design that combines political feasibility and statistical soundness.This paper evaluates the impact of ProJoven, a labor training program for poor youth in Peru. The program provides three-month training in low-skill occupations and internship opportunities, with a focus on promoting gender equality by encouraging women's participation in traditionally male-dominated jobs and subsidizing participation of mothers. The evaluation uses a two-stage matching procedure, including propensity scores and gender and labor income, to identify differentiated impacts on men and women and address the Ashenfelter's Dip problem.
The results show substantial differences in the program's impact for men and women. Eighteen months after participation, women's employment rates increased by about 15%, while men's decreased by 11%. Gender occupational segregation decreased by 30%, and women's labor income increased by 93%, while men's increased by 11%. The cost of promoting gender equality represented only 1.5% of ProJoven's total budget. These results suggest that labor training programs promoting gender equality have disproportionately positive effects on women in a labor market with significant gender differences.
ProJoven encourages equal participation in its training courses, especially for traditionally male-dominated occupations. After three months of training, beneficiaries who pass competency tests graduate to a three-month internship with a local firm. The program aims to reduce the mismatch between training and job placement by targeting occupations with proven market demand.
The evaluation used data collected from a sample of beneficiaries and control individuals over time, with four measurements: an initial baseline at the beginning of internships and three follow-ups at six, twelve, and eighteen months after internships were completed. The search for controls involved detailed fieldwork to match individuals based on characteristics such as gender, age, poverty, education, and employment status.
The econometric analysis showed that the average wages of men double those of women at the bottom percentile of the income distribution. The program's results indicate that women benefit disproportionately more than men from the training, with significant improvements in employment rates, occupational segregation, and labor income. The program also improved working conditions, with beneficiaries working in larger firms and receiving more permanent or temporary contracts. The program positively impacted hourly wages without gender differences, and the combined effects on employment status, occupational field, hours worked, and hourly wages resulted in positive overall impacts, with substantially higher benefits for women. The evaluation demonstrates the practicality of applying a non-experimental program evaluation design that combines political feasibility and statistical soundness.