This study proposes a fractal damage calculation method to understand blasting damage at macroscopic, mesoscopic, and microscopic scales of rock. The Moments algorithm-derived binary graph effectively represents minute cracks with minimal noise, making it suitable for identifying macroscopic damage. A 3D reconstruction technique visualizes macroscopic rock damage post-explosion, and the box dimension quantitatively assesses this damage. A multifractal method evaluates both macroscopic and mesoscopic damage, revealing that mesoscopic damage is a significant factor in overall blasting damage. The box dimension provides a straightforward macroscopic evaluation, while the multifractal dimension offers a more accurate assessment of macroscopic cracks and mesoscopic damage. Both methods are equally effective for assessing blasting damage. The study highlights the importance of understanding fracture growth and damage patterns in the crack zone, which is a primary focus for reducing blasting damage. Fractal theory, introduced by Mandelbrot, provides a theoretical foundation for characterizing self-similar objects, and the fractal dimension measures the irregularity of complex shapes. Previous research has expanded the understanding of blasting damage, but this study aims to establish multi-scale correlations by accurately identifying and quantifying damage at all scales. The experimental scheme involves sandstone specimens of $\Phi 150 \times 150 \mathrm{~mm}$ dimensions, placed in a circular steel tube with rubber pads to minimize radial cracking. Lead azide, an explosive with a 4 mm diameter, is used, and the charge length and stemming length are set at 30 mm. The detonation parameters are detailed in Table 1.This study proposes a fractal damage calculation method to understand blasting damage at macroscopic, mesoscopic, and microscopic scales of rock. The Moments algorithm-derived binary graph effectively represents minute cracks with minimal noise, making it suitable for identifying macroscopic damage. A 3D reconstruction technique visualizes macroscopic rock damage post-explosion, and the box dimension quantitatively assesses this damage. A multifractal method evaluates both macroscopic and mesoscopic damage, revealing that mesoscopic damage is a significant factor in overall blasting damage. The box dimension provides a straightforward macroscopic evaluation, while the multifractal dimension offers a more accurate assessment of macroscopic cracks and mesoscopic damage. Both methods are equally effective for assessing blasting damage. The study highlights the importance of understanding fracture growth and damage patterns in the crack zone, which is a primary focus for reducing blasting damage. Fractal theory, introduced by Mandelbrot, provides a theoretical foundation for characterizing self-similar objects, and the fractal dimension measures the irregularity of complex shapes. Previous research has expanded the understanding of blasting damage, but this study aims to establish multi-scale correlations by accurately identifying and quantifying damage at all scales. The experimental scheme involves sandstone specimens of $\Phi 150 \times 150 \mathrm{~mm}$ dimensions, placed in a circular steel tube with rubber pads to minimize radial cracking. Lead azide, an explosive with a 4 mm diameter, is used, and the charge length and stemming length are set at 30 mm. The detonation parameters are detailed in Table 1.