Transcription factors (TFs) are regulatory proteins that regulate gene expression through specific DNA-binding domains. They play crucial roles in various growth and developmental processes, including plant embryogenesis, which involves the formation and development of embryos from non-embryogenic cells. Plant embryogenesis can be divided into zygotic embryogenesis (ZE) and somatic embryogenesis (SE). ZE involves the development of embryos from a zygote, while SE involves the development of embryos from somatic cells. TFs such as BABY BOOM (BBM), WUSCHEL (WUS), WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX), LEAFY COTYLEDON 2 (LEC2), and LEAFY COTYLEDON 1 (LEC1) are key regulators in both ZE and SE. These TFs have diverse roles in embryogenesis, including cell fate determination, apical-basal patterning, and embryonic shoot and root formation. Recent studies have shown that overexpression of certain TFs can induce somatic embryogenesis in various plant species. The AP2/ERF family, homeobox family, B3 family, MADS family, and NF-Y family are among the key TF families involved in plant embryogenesis. These TFs interact with each other and with their target genes to establish complex transcriptional networks that ensure the sequential and orderly progression of embryogenesis. The study highlights the importance of TFs in plant embryogenesis and their potential for engineering crop embryos with desired traits. Future research should focus on understanding the molecular mechanisms of these TFs and their interactions to improve somatic embryogenesis and transformation efficiency in plants.Transcription factors (TFs) are regulatory proteins that regulate gene expression through specific DNA-binding domains. They play crucial roles in various growth and developmental processes, including plant embryogenesis, which involves the formation and development of embryos from non-embryogenic cells. Plant embryogenesis can be divided into zygotic embryogenesis (ZE) and somatic embryogenesis (SE). ZE involves the development of embryos from a zygote, while SE involves the development of embryos from somatic cells. TFs such as BABY BOOM (BBM), WUSCHEL (WUS), WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX), LEAFY COTYLEDON 2 (LEC2), and LEAFY COTYLEDON 1 (LEC1) are key regulators in both ZE and SE. These TFs have diverse roles in embryogenesis, including cell fate determination, apical-basal patterning, and embryonic shoot and root formation. Recent studies have shown that overexpression of certain TFs can induce somatic embryogenesis in various plant species. The AP2/ERF family, homeobox family, B3 family, MADS family, and NF-Y family are among the key TF families involved in plant embryogenesis. These TFs interact with each other and with their target genes to establish complex transcriptional networks that ensure the sequential and orderly progression of embryogenesis. The study highlights the importance of TFs in plant embryogenesis and their potential for engineering crop embryos with desired traits. Future research should focus on understanding the molecular mechanisms of these TFs and their interactions to improve somatic embryogenesis and transformation efficiency in plants.