This paper presents an approach to making inferences about generic activations in groups of subjects using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The authors suggest that activations common to all subjects reflect aspects of functional anatomy that may be typical of the population from which the group was sampled. These commonalities can be identified through a conjunction analysis, which tests for the joint refutation of multiple null hypotheses, specifically no activation in any subject. The motivation behind this approach is that fixed-effect analyses are generally more sensitive than random-effect analyses, but they only pertain to the subjects studied. By using a conjunction analysis with a fixed-effect model, one can infer that every subject studied activated and that a certain proportion of the population would have shown this effect. The second inference is based on a meta-analytic formulation using a confidence region for the proportion of the population showing the effect. This approach retains the sensitivity of fixed-effect analyses while allowing for population inferences. The paper also discusses the sources of session-by-contrast interactions and how they affect the validity of fixed-effect analyses. An empirical example using fMRI data from a study of visual system evoked responses is provided to illustrate the application of conjunction analyses.This paper presents an approach to making inferences about generic activations in groups of subjects using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The authors suggest that activations common to all subjects reflect aspects of functional anatomy that may be typical of the population from which the group was sampled. These commonalities can be identified through a conjunction analysis, which tests for the joint refutation of multiple null hypotheses, specifically no activation in any subject. The motivation behind this approach is that fixed-effect analyses are generally more sensitive than random-effect analyses, but they only pertain to the subjects studied. By using a conjunction analysis with a fixed-effect model, one can infer that every subject studied activated and that a certain proportion of the population would have shown this effect. The second inference is based on a meta-analytic formulation using a confidence region for the proportion of the population showing the effect. This approach retains the sensitivity of fixed-effect analyses while allowing for population inferences. The paper also discusses the sources of session-by-contrast interactions and how they affect the validity of fixed-effect analyses. An empirical example using fMRI data from a study of visual system evoked responses is provided to illustrate the application of conjunction analyses.