NaDES Application in Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Fields: An Overview

NaDES Application in Cosmetic and Pharmaceutical Fields: An Overview

28 January 2024 | Carla Villa, Debora Caviglia, Francesco Saverio Robustelli della Cuna, Guendalina Zuccari and Eleonora Russo
Natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) are green, non-flammable solvents that offer an efficient alternative to ionic liquids. They are easily prepared, have high solubilizing power for lipophilic molecules, and are used in various cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications, including sustainable extraction, ready-to-use ingredients, and biocompatible drug delivery systems. NaDES can act as biopolymer modifiers and are used in therapeutic deep eutectic systems to solubilize and stabilize formulations. This review provides an overview of current knowledge on NaDES in cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields, highlighting their potential as green solvents and delivery systems for bioactive ingredients. NaDES are prepared by mixing hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) and donors (HBDs) in specific molar ratios. Common methods include heating and stirring, freeze-drying, evaporation, grinding, ultrasound-assisted heating, and microwave irradiation. NaDES have a supramolecular structure influenced by H bonds and can be diluted with water, affecting their properties. They are biodegradable, low-cost, and have low toxicity, making them suitable for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. In cosmetics, NaDES are used to extract bioactive compounds like catechins, polyphenols, and antioxidants from plant materials. They are incorporated into formulations without significant changes in rheological properties. Studies show that NaDES can enhance the stability and storage of extracted compounds such as phenols, β-carotene, and α-tocopherol. Examples include the extraction of EGCG from green tea leaves, polyphenols from tomato pomace, and antioxidants from plant extracts. In pharmaceuticals, NaDES are used to solubilize and stabilize drugs, improve drug delivery, and create hydrogels and films. They are used in formulations for burns, wound healing, and as carriers for bioactive compounds. NaDES can enhance the solubility and stability of poorly water-soluble drugs and are used in hydrogels for wound dressings and drug delivery systems. They also show potential in stabilizing freeze-dried extracts and improving the properties of hydrogels for biomedical applications. Overall, NaDES offer a sustainable and efficient alternative to traditional solvents in cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields, with potential for future applications in drug delivery, wound healing, and bioactive compound extraction.Natural deep eutectic solvents (NaDES) are green, non-flammable solvents that offer an efficient alternative to ionic liquids. They are easily prepared, have high solubilizing power for lipophilic molecules, and are used in various cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications, including sustainable extraction, ready-to-use ingredients, and biocompatible drug delivery systems. NaDES can act as biopolymer modifiers and are used in therapeutic deep eutectic systems to solubilize and stabilize formulations. This review provides an overview of current knowledge on NaDES in cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields, highlighting their potential as green solvents and delivery systems for bioactive ingredients. NaDES are prepared by mixing hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) and donors (HBDs) in specific molar ratios. Common methods include heating and stirring, freeze-drying, evaporation, grinding, ultrasound-assisted heating, and microwave irradiation. NaDES have a supramolecular structure influenced by H bonds and can be diluted with water, affecting their properties. They are biodegradable, low-cost, and have low toxicity, making them suitable for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications. In cosmetics, NaDES are used to extract bioactive compounds like catechins, polyphenols, and antioxidants from plant materials. They are incorporated into formulations without significant changes in rheological properties. Studies show that NaDES can enhance the stability and storage of extracted compounds such as phenols, β-carotene, and α-tocopherol. Examples include the extraction of EGCG from green tea leaves, polyphenols from tomato pomace, and antioxidants from plant extracts. In pharmaceuticals, NaDES are used to solubilize and stabilize drugs, improve drug delivery, and create hydrogels and films. They are used in formulations for burns, wound healing, and as carriers for bioactive compounds. NaDES can enhance the solubility and stability of poorly water-soluble drugs and are used in hydrogels for wound dressings and drug delivery systems. They also show potential in stabilizing freeze-dried extracts and improving the properties of hydrogels for biomedical applications. Overall, NaDES offer a sustainable and efficient alternative to traditional solvents in cosmetic and pharmaceutical fields, with potential for future applications in drug delivery, wound healing, and bioactive compound extraction.
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