This article reviews the development and application of nanocellulose composite films in food packaging. Nanocellulose, a one-dimensional structure derived from natural sources, exhibits excellent physical and chemical properties such as renewability, degradability, and good biocompatibility, making it a promising material for modern industry, particularly in food packaging. The article covers the extraction methods of nanocellulose and its preparation into composite films, highlighting their improved mechanical, barrier (oxygen, water vapor, ultraviolet), and thermal properties. It also discusses the development of biodegradable or edible packaging materials and the excellent performance of nanocellulose composites in packaging and preserving various food categories. The study provides a theoretical framework for the development and utilization of nanocellulose composite films in the food packaging industry, emphasizing their potential to replace petroleum-based packaging materials and address environmental concerns.This article reviews the development and application of nanocellulose composite films in food packaging. Nanocellulose, a one-dimensional structure derived from natural sources, exhibits excellent physical and chemical properties such as renewability, degradability, and good biocompatibility, making it a promising material for modern industry, particularly in food packaging. The article covers the extraction methods of nanocellulose and its preparation into composite films, highlighting their improved mechanical, barrier (oxygen, water vapor, ultraviolet), and thermal properties. It also discusses the development of biodegradable or edible packaging materials and the excellent performance of nanocellulose composites in packaging and preserving various food categories. The study provides a theoretical framework for the development and utilization of nanocellulose composite films in the food packaging industry, emphasizing their potential to replace petroleum-based packaging materials and address environmental concerns.