This study explores the sources and types of soil pollution, emphasizing the need for innovative remediation approaches. Nanotechnology, particularly the use of nanoparticles, is highlighted as a promising solution. Diverse nanomaterials, including nanobiosorbents and nanobiosurfactants, have shown great potential in soil remediation processes. The review covers various nanotechnology approaches, such as reduction reactions and immobilization techniques, which demonstrate the versatility of nanomaterials in mitigating soil pollution. Nanomicrobial-based bioremediation further enhances the efficiency of pollutant degradation in agricultural soils. The literature-based screening, conducted using different search engines from 2010 to 2023, reveals that nanotechnology has demonstrated promising results in heavy metal remediation, offering an eco-friendly and sustainable solution. Nanobioremediation is also discussed as a robust strategy for combating organic contamination in soils, including pesticides and herbicides. The use of nanophytoremediation, where nanomaterials assist plants in extracting and detoxifying pollutants, represents a cutting-edge and environmentally friendly approach to tackle soil pollution. The review concludes by emphasizing the importance of continuous research and development to ensure the safety and effectiveness of nanotechnology-based soil remediation strategies.This study explores the sources and types of soil pollution, emphasizing the need for innovative remediation approaches. Nanotechnology, particularly the use of nanoparticles, is highlighted as a promising solution. Diverse nanomaterials, including nanobiosorbents and nanobiosurfactants, have shown great potential in soil remediation processes. The review covers various nanotechnology approaches, such as reduction reactions and immobilization techniques, which demonstrate the versatility of nanomaterials in mitigating soil pollution. Nanomicrobial-based bioremediation further enhances the efficiency of pollutant degradation in agricultural soils. The literature-based screening, conducted using different search engines from 2010 to 2023, reveals that nanotechnology has demonstrated promising results in heavy metal remediation, offering an eco-friendly and sustainable solution. Nanobioremediation is also discussed as a robust strategy for combating organic contamination in soils, including pesticides and herbicides. The use of nanophytoremediation, where nanomaterials assist plants in extracting and detoxifying pollutants, represents a cutting-edge and environmentally friendly approach to tackle soil pollution. The review concludes by emphasizing the importance of continuous research and development to ensure the safety and effectiveness of nanotechnology-based soil remediation strategies.