The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the extraction, assessment, and resources of natural antioxidants from food and medicinal plants. Natural antioxidants, particularly polyphenols and carotenoids, exhibit a wide range of biological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, anti-atherosclerosis, and anticancer properties. The efficient extraction and proper assessment of these antioxidants are crucial for exploring their potential in functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and food additives. The authors discuss various green extraction technologies, such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), high hydrostatic pressure extraction (HHPE), pulsed electric field extraction (PEF), and high voltage electrical discharges extraction (HVED). Each method is evaluated based on its efficiency, economic feasibility, and environmental impact. The paper also highlights the importance of selecting the appropriate extraction process based on the specific characteristics of the antioxidants and the plant materials. Overall, the review aims to provide a detailed guide for researchers and practitioners interested in the extraction and utilization of natural antioxidants.The paper provides a comprehensive overview of the extraction, assessment, and resources of natural antioxidants from food and medicinal plants. Natural antioxidants, particularly polyphenols and carotenoids, exhibit a wide range of biological effects, including anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, anti-atherosclerosis, and anticancer properties. The efficient extraction and proper assessment of these antioxidants are crucial for exploring their potential in functional foods, pharmaceuticals, and food additives. The authors discuss various green extraction technologies, such as ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE), pressurized liquid extraction (PLE), supercritical fluid extraction (SFE), high hydrostatic pressure extraction (HHPE), pulsed electric field extraction (PEF), and high voltage electrical discharges extraction (HVED). Each method is evaluated based on its efficiency, economic feasibility, and environmental impact. The paper also highlights the importance of selecting the appropriate extraction process based on the specific characteristics of the antioxidants and the plant materials. Overall, the review aims to provide a detailed guide for researchers and practitioners interested in the extraction and utilization of natural antioxidants.