Peer review is a crucial part of the publishing process, aiming to provide constructive feedback to improve research. While it has its shortcomings, efforts to enhance transparency are ongoing. For example, Nature Cell Biology editors share insights on editorial decisions and referee selection. Some researchers advocate for greater transparency, such as releasing referee reports and correspondence, though concerns exist about potential negative impacts on review quality. To address this, the journal encourages reviewers to provide comprehensive feedback and facilitates discussions between authors, referees, and editors. Post-review rejections can be frustrating, but authors can transfer manuscripts between Nature journals, improving efficiency. The Neuroscience Peer Review Consortium allows sharing of referee reports and identities among neuroscience journals, reducing referee workload. The current system is not broken, but improvements are needed, including a diverse pool of referees, efficient review processes, and adherence to guidelines. Peer review is inherently subjective, and community input is valuable. Nature Communications, a new Nature journal, publishes primary research in the biological, physical, and chemical sciences, with rigorous peer review and the option for open access. Manuscripts rejected from Nature Cell Biology can be transferred to Nature Communications, with referee reports automatically shared. The journal maintains editorial independence and may consult independent experts when necessary.Peer review is a crucial part of the publishing process, aiming to provide constructive feedback to improve research. While it has its shortcomings, efforts to enhance transparency are ongoing. For example, Nature Cell Biology editors share insights on editorial decisions and referee selection. Some researchers advocate for greater transparency, such as releasing referee reports and correspondence, though concerns exist about potential negative impacts on review quality. To address this, the journal encourages reviewers to provide comprehensive feedback and facilitates discussions between authors, referees, and editors. Post-review rejections can be frustrating, but authors can transfer manuscripts between Nature journals, improving efficiency. The Neuroscience Peer Review Consortium allows sharing of referee reports and identities among neuroscience journals, reducing referee workload. The current system is not broken, but improvements are needed, including a diverse pool of referees, efficient review processes, and adherence to guidelines. Peer review is inherently subjective, and community input is valuable. Nature Communications, a new Nature journal, publishes primary research in the biological, physical, and chemical sciences, with rigorous peer review and the option for open access. Manuscripts rejected from Nature Cell Biology can be transferred to Nature Communications, with referee reports automatically shared. The journal maintains editorial independence and may consult independent experts when necessary.