The COVID-19 Resource Centre, established by Elsevier in January 2020, provides free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus. The centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect and grants permission for all COVID-19-related research to be immediately available in PubMed Central and other public repositories, with unrestricted reuse and analysis rights. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious and frequent gastrointestinal disorder in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), characterized by sepsis-like symptoms and multiple gastrointestinal disturbances. The incidence varies widely, with a typical range of 1-5% of NICU admissions, and a higher incidence in very low birthweight infants. The mortality rate has ranged from 0 to 55.5%. NEC is a significant public health concern due to its high mortality and morbidity rates. NEC is often associated with prematurity, polycythemia, and enteral feeding. Risk factors include gastrointestinal immaturity, ischemia, bacterial colonization, and immunologic injury. The pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving gastrointestinal immaturity, enteral feeding practices, ischemia, and bacterial overgrowth. Treatment focuses on prompt recognition, aggressive monitoring, and early intervention to minimize severity and prevent complications. Staging criteria are used to guide treatment decisions, with Stage III being the most severe and requiring longer periods of therapy, including bowel rest and intravenous antibiotics. Long-term sequelae include strictures, malabsorption, and nutritional issues, but overall developmental morbidity is comparable to other NICU conditions.The COVID-19 Resource Centre, established by Elsevier in January 2020, provides free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus. The centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect and grants permission for all COVID-19-related research to be immediately available in PubMed Central and other public repositories, with unrestricted reuse and analysis rights. Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious and frequent gastrointestinal disorder in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), characterized by sepsis-like symptoms and multiple gastrointestinal disturbances. The incidence varies widely, with a typical range of 1-5% of NICU admissions, and a higher incidence in very low birthweight infants. The mortality rate has ranged from 0 to 55.5%. NEC is a significant public health concern due to its high mortality and morbidity rates. NEC is often associated with prematurity, polycythemia, and enteral feeding. Risk factors include gastrointestinal immaturity, ischemia, bacterial colonization, and immunologic injury. The pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving gastrointestinal immaturity, enteral feeding practices, ischemia, and bacterial overgrowth. Treatment focuses on prompt recognition, aggressive monitoring, and early intervention to minimize severity and prevent complications. Staging criteria are used to guide treatment decisions, with Stage III being the most severe and requiring longer periods of therapy, including bowel rest and intravenous antibiotics. Long-term sequelae include strictures, malabsorption, and nutritional issues, but overall developmental morbidity is comparable to other NICU conditions.