Necrotizing Fasciitis Caused by Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Los Angeles

Necrotizing Fasciitis Caused by Community-Associated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Los Angeles

April 7, 2005 | Loren G. Miller, M.D., M.P.H., Francoise Perdreau-Remington, Ph.D., Gunter Rieg, M.D., Sheherbano Mehdi, M.D., Josh Perlroth, M.D., Arnold S. Bayer, M.D., Angela W. Tang, M.D., Tieu O. Phung, M.D., and Brad Spellberg, M.D.
Necrotizing fasciitis caused by community-associated methicillin-resistant *Staphylococcus aureus* (CA-MRSA) is an emerging clinical concern, as highlighted in a study conducted in Los Angeles. The research reviewed 843 patients with MRSA wound cultures between 2003 and 2004, identifying 14 cases of necrotizing fasciitis or myositis. The median age of the patients was 46, with 71% being men. Common risk factors included injection drug use, diabetes, and chronic hepatitis C, though 29% had no significant risk factors. All patients received combined medical and surgical treatment, with no deaths but serious complications such as reconstructive surgery and ICU stays. MRSA isolates were monomicrobial in 86% of cases, and 40% of patients had MRSA in their blood. All isolates were susceptible to clindamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and rifampin, and belonged to the same genotype (ST8, USA300, SCCmecIV) with specific toxin genes. The study emphasizes the need for empirical treatment of suspected necrotizing fasciitis to include antibiotics effective against CA-MRSA, especially in areas where it is prevalent. The findings suggest that CA-MRSA can cause severe infections, often with subacute onset, and highlights the importance of early and broad-spectrum antimicrobial coverage.Necrotizing fasciitis caused by community-associated methicillin-resistant *Staphylococcus aureus* (CA-MRSA) is an emerging clinical concern, as highlighted in a study conducted in Los Angeles. The research reviewed 843 patients with MRSA wound cultures between 2003 and 2004, identifying 14 cases of necrotizing fasciitis or myositis. The median age of the patients was 46, with 71% being men. Common risk factors included injection drug use, diabetes, and chronic hepatitis C, though 29% had no significant risk factors. All patients received combined medical and surgical treatment, with no deaths but serious complications such as reconstructive surgery and ICU stays. MRSA isolates were monomicrobial in 86% of cases, and 40% of patients had MRSA in their blood. All isolates were susceptible to clindamycin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and rifampin, and belonged to the same genotype (ST8, USA300, SCCmecIV) with specific toxin genes. The study emphasizes the need for empirical treatment of suspected necrotizing fasciitis to include antibiotics effective against CA-MRSA, especially in areas where it is prevalent. The findings suggest that CA-MRSA can cause severe infections, often with subacute onset, and highlights the importance of early and broad-spectrum antimicrobial coverage.
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[slides and audio] Necrotizing fasciitis caused by community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Los Angeles.