Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection is a significant public health issue, with an annual global incidence of 87 million cases. The infection can lead to severe morbidity and long-term impacts on reproductive and neonatal health, and it has become increasingly resistant to antimicrobials. This review summarizes the current evidence for N. gonorrhoeae vaccines, including historical clinical trials, preclinical studies, and the impact of Neisseria meningitidis vaccines on N. gonorrhoeae infection. The review highlights the challenges in developing an effective vaccine, such as antigenic variation and the lack of protective immunity following natural infection. It also discusses potential vaccine antigens identified through traditional and contemporary approaches, such as reverse vaccinology. The potential epidemiological impacts of a N. gonorrhoeae vaccine and research priorities for further development are also addressed. The review concludes by examining the observational and preclinical studies of meningococcal outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines, which have shown promising results in reducing N. gonorrhoeae infection rates.Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection is a significant public health issue, with an annual global incidence of 87 million cases. The infection can lead to severe morbidity and long-term impacts on reproductive and neonatal health, and it has become increasingly resistant to antimicrobials. This review summarizes the current evidence for N. gonorrhoeae vaccines, including historical clinical trials, preclinical studies, and the impact of Neisseria meningitidis vaccines on N. gonorrhoeae infection. The review highlights the challenges in developing an effective vaccine, such as antigenic variation and the lack of protective immunity following natural infection. It also discusses potential vaccine antigens identified through traditional and contemporary approaches, such as reverse vaccinology. The potential epidemiological impacts of a N. gonorrhoeae vaccine and research priorities for further development are also addressed. The review concludes by examining the observational and preclinical studies of meningococcal outer membrane vesicle (OMV) vaccines, which have shown promising results in reducing N. gonorrhoeae infection rates.