This paper examines the importance of transboundary groundwater between Mexico and the United States, highlighting the legal gaps in its regulation at various scales and the significance of water scarcity in the construction of hegemonic discourse on national security within the neoliberal framework of NAFTA integration. The authors discuss the historical context, including the 1973 Acta 242, which was the first attempt to regulate transboundary groundwater, and the current legal framework in both countries. They critique the lack of legal attributes for regulating transboundary groundwater in the same way as surface water and the challenges posed by the definition of "overextraction" in Mexican law. The paper also explores the impact of economic growth and population increase on water scarcity in border regions, and the role of the state in managing water resources. Finally, it addresses the need to strengthen national sovereignty as a means to ensure equitable and peaceful access to transboundary groundwater.This paper examines the importance of transboundary groundwater between Mexico and the United States, highlighting the legal gaps in its regulation at various scales and the significance of water scarcity in the construction of hegemonic discourse on national security within the neoliberal framework of NAFTA integration. The authors discuss the historical context, including the 1973 Acta 242, which was the first attempt to regulate transboundary groundwater, and the current legal framework in both countries. They critique the lack of legal attributes for regulating transboundary groundwater in the same way as surface water and the challenges posed by the definition of "overextraction" in Mexican law. The paper also explores the impact of economic growth and population increase on water scarcity in border regions, and the role of the state in managing water resources. Finally, it addresses the need to strengthen national sovereignty as a means to ensure equitable and peaceful access to transboundary groundwater.