The article provides an in-depth review of the neural circuits and mechanisms that regulate stress responses in the brain. It highlights the integration of stress responses through overlapping circuits in the limbic forebrain, hypothalamus, and brainstem. The limbic regions, such as the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex, play crucial roles in processing stress-related information and modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis and the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The article discusses how these circuits are activated in response to different types of stressors, including physical and psychological stress, and how they can be reorganized under chronic stress conditions. It also explores the overlap between stress circuits and those involved in memory and reward, suggesting that these circuits interact to influence the interpretation and response to stress. The review concludes by emphasizing the importance of understanding the neural control of stress responses for the development of therapeutic interventions for stress-related disorders.The article provides an in-depth review of the neural circuits and mechanisms that regulate stress responses in the brain. It highlights the integration of stress responses through overlapping circuits in the limbic forebrain, hypothalamus, and brainstem. The limbic regions, such as the amygdala, hippocampus, and prefrontal cortex, play crucial roles in processing stress-related information and modulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis and the autonomic nervous system (ANS). The article discusses how these circuits are activated in response to different types of stressors, including physical and psychological stress, and how they can be reorganized under chronic stress conditions. It also explores the overlap between stress circuits and those involved in memory and reward, suggesting that these circuits interact to influence the interpretation and response to stress. The review concludes by emphasizing the importance of understanding the neural control of stress responses for the development of therapeutic interventions for stress-related disorders.