The article discusses the neurobehavioural effects of developmental toxicity caused by industrial chemicals. It highlights that neurodevelopmental disabilities, including autism, ADHD, and dyslexia, affect millions of children globally, with some diagnoses increasing in frequency. Industrial chemicals such as lead, methylmercury, polychlorinated biphenyls, arsenic, and toluene are known developmental neurotoxicants. Since 2006, additional chemicals like manganese, fluoride, chlorpyrifos, and PBDEs have been identified as neurotoxic. The authors propose a global prevention strategy, emphasizing the need for testing all chemicals for developmental neurotoxicity. They argue that untested chemicals should not be presumed safe, and a new international clearinghouse is needed to coordinate efforts and accelerate prevention. The developing brain is uniquely vulnerable to toxic exposures, with major windows of vulnerability during fetal development and early childhood. Industrial chemicals can cause permanent brain injury at low levels. Recent studies show that exposure to lead, methylmercury, and arsenic can lead to cognitive and behavioral deficits. New findings also indicate that chemicals like manganese, fluoride, and PBDEs are neurotoxic. The authors emphasize the need for a coordinated international strategy to prevent developmental neurotoxicity, including mandatory testing of existing chemicals and new ones, and the formation of a new clearinghouse for neurotoxicity. They stress the importance of precautionary approaches and the need to act on available data to prevent neurotoxic effects in children. The article concludes that the total number of recognized neurotoxic substances is likely an underestimate, and that children worldwide are being exposed to unrecognised toxic chemicals that can impair intelligence and behavior. A new framework of action is needed to address this issue.The article discusses the neurobehavioural effects of developmental toxicity caused by industrial chemicals. It highlights that neurodevelopmental disabilities, including autism, ADHD, and dyslexia, affect millions of children globally, with some diagnoses increasing in frequency. Industrial chemicals such as lead, methylmercury, polychlorinated biphenyls, arsenic, and toluene are known developmental neurotoxicants. Since 2006, additional chemicals like manganese, fluoride, chlorpyrifos, and PBDEs have been identified as neurotoxic. The authors propose a global prevention strategy, emphasizing the need for testing all chemicals for developmental neurotoxicity. They argue that untested chemicals should not be presumed safe, and a new international clearinghouse is needed to coordinate efforts and accelerate prevention. The developing brain is uniquely vulnerable to toxic exposures, with major windows of vulnerability during fetal development and early childhood. Industrial chemicals can cause permanent brain injury at low levels. Recent studies show that exposure to lead, methylmercury, and arsenic can lead to cognitive and behavioral deficits. New findings also indicate that chemicals like manganese, fluoride, and PBDEs are neurotoxic. The authors emphasize the need for a coordinated international strategy to prevent developmental neurotoxicity, including mandatory testing of existing chemicals and new ones, and the formation of a new clearinghouse for neurotoxicity. They stress the importance of precautionary approaches and the need to act on available data to prevent neurotoxic effects in children. The article concludes that the total number of recognized neurotoxic substances is likely an underestimate, and that children worldwide are being exposed to unrecognised toxic chemicals that can impair intelligence and behavior. A new framework of action is needed to address this issue.