Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease globally, with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) being its severe stage. NAFLD affects nearly one-third of the world's population and is diagnosed through liver biopsy, which is invasive, costly, and variable. Non-invasive methods, including biomarkers and imaging, are increasingly used to improve diagnostic accuracy. Recent studies highlight the potential of tests like 20-carboxy arachidonic acid (20-COOH AA) and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin D2 (dhk PGD2) for NAFLD diagnosis. Advanced imaging techniques such as 3D-MRE, FM-fibro LSM index, and machine learning algorithms (MLA) show higher accuracy in assessing liver fibrosis. However, larger studies are needed to validate these tests. Non-invasive biomarkers like miR-122, miR-99a, and complement component C7 demonstrate significant potential. Multi-omics approaches, including genomics, lipidomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, are revealing new biomarkers for NAFLD and NASH. These advancements offer promising non-invasive alternatives to liver biopsy, though further research is required for clinical validation. The review emphasizes the need for larger studies and longitudinal data to refine non-invasive diagnostic methods for NAFLD.Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease globally, with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) being its severe stage. NAFLD affects nearly one-third of the world's population and is diagnosed through liver biopsy, which is invasive, costly, and variable. Non-invasive methods, including biomarkers and imaging, are increasingly used to improve diagnostic accuracy. Recent studies highlight the potential of tests like 20-carboxy arachidonic acid (20-COOH AA) and 13,14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin D2 (dhk PGD2) for NAFLD diagnosis. Advanced imaging techniques such as 3D-MRE, FM-fibro LSM index, and machine learning algorithms (MLA) show higher accuracy in assessing liver fibrosis. However, larger studies are needed to validate these tests. Non-invasive biomarkers like miR-122, miR-99a, and complement component C7 demonstrate significant potential. Multi-omics approaches, including genomics, lipidomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics, are revealing new biomarkers for NAFLD and NASH. These advancements offer promising non-invasive alternatives to liver biopsy, though further research is required for clinical validation. The review emphasizes the need for larger studies and longitudinal data to refine non-invasive diagnostic methods for NAFLD.