The study by Arumuganathan and Earle (1991) measured the nuclear DNA contents of over 100 important plant species using flow cytometry. Arabidopsis thaliana, known for its multiploidy, had a 2C nuclear DNA content of 0.30 pg (145 Mbp/1C), which is twice the commonly cited value. The 2C value for rice was found to be about three times that of Arabidopsis, while tomato had a 2C value of approximately 2.0 pg. Several horticultural crops, including fruit trees like apricot, cherry, mango, orange, papaya, and peach, were identified with genomes only two to three times larger than Arabidopsis. The small genome sizes of rice and these horticultural plants are expected to facilitate molecular studies. The results also showed that Arabidopsis exhibited developmental regulation of multiploidy, with nuclei from different tissues showing multiple peaks of fluorescence, indicating varying ploidy levels.The study by Arumuganathan and Earle (1991) measured the nuclear DNA contents of over 100 important plant species using flow cytometry. Arabidopsis thaliana, known for its multiploidy, had a 2C nuclear DNA content of 0.30 pg (145 Mbp/1C), which is twice the commonly cited value. The 2C value for rice was found to be about three times that of Arabidopsis, while tomato had a 2C value of approximately 2.0 pg. Several horticultural crops, including fruit trees like apricot, cherry, mango, orange, papaya, and peach, were identified with genomes only two to three times larger than Arabidopsis. The small genome sizes of rice and these horticultural plants are expected to facilitate molecular studies. The results also showed that Arabidopsis exhibited developmental regulation of multiploidy, with nuclei from different tissues showing multiple peaks of fluorescence, indicating varying ploidy levels.