*Trends in Mathematics* is a series published by Birkhäuser Verlag and Birkhäuser Boston Inc., focusing on volumes arising from conferences and lecture series on specific topics in mathematics. The series aims to make current developments accessible to the mathematical community quickly and accurately, while maintaining high standards and archiving the content for future reference. Proposals for volumes can be submitted to the Mathematics Editor at either Birkhäuser Verlag in Basel, Switzerland, or Birkhäuser Boston Inc. in Cambridge, USA. Submissions must undergo a rigorous review process, including language checks, and should be in a form ready for direct reproduction, typically using a specific dialect of TeX. The final version must be submitted within one year after the conference, with a total page limit of 350. The monograph *Number Theory* edited by R. P. Bambah, V. C. Dumir, and R. J. Hans-Gill, is part of the *Trends in Mathematics* series. It includes contributions from renowned number theorists and covers a wide range of topics in number theory, such as the prime number theorem, modular equations, the abc-conjecture, and more. The editors express gratitude to the contributors and hope that the monograph will contribute significantly to the field.*Trends in Mathematics* is a series published by Birkhäuser Verlag and Birkhäuser Boston Inc., focusing on volumes arising from conferences and lecture series on specific topics in mathematics. The series aims to make current developments accessible to the mathematical community quickly and accurately, while maintaining high standards and archiving the content for future reference. Proposals for volumes can be submitted to the Mathematics Editor at either Birkhäuser Verlag in Basel, Switzerland, or Birkhäuser Boston Inc. in Cambridge, USA. Submissions must undergo a rigorous review process, including language checks, and should be in a form ready for direct reproduction, typically using a specific dialect of TeX. The final version must be submitted within one year after the conference, with a total page limit of 350. The monograph *Number Theory* edited by R. P. Bambah, V. C. Dumir, and R. J. Hans-Gill, is part of the *Trends in Mathematics* series. It includes contributions from renowned number theorists and covers a wide range of topics in number theory, such as the prime number theorem, modular equations, the abc-conjecture, and more. The editors express gratitude to the contributors and hope that the monograph will contribute significantly to the field.