Received 15 September 2009 – Revised 4 February 2010 – Accepted 11 February 2010 | Robert BRODSCHNEIDER, Karl CRAILSHEIM
The article provides an overview of the nutritional requirements and impacts of malnutrition on honey bee colonies, workers, and larvae. It highlights the importance of carbohydrates and proteins in colony nutrition, adult nutrition, and larval nutrition. Carbohydrates, primarily provided by nectar and honey, are essential for energy, while proteins, primarily from pollen, are crucial for growth and development. Malnutrition can lead to reduced brood production, impaired adult quality, and colony mortality. The article discusses the effects of starvation, monocultures, genetically modified crops, and pesticide residues on honey bee health. It emphasizes the need for balanced nutrition and the importance of diverse pollen sources to support colony health and productivity. The review also explores the potential of supplemental diets to meet nutritional requirements and improve colony survival and brood production.The article provides an overview of the nutritional requirements and impacts of malnutrition on honey bee colonies, workers, and larvae. It highlights the importance of carbohydrates and proteins in colony nutrition, adult nutrition, and larval nutrition. Carbohydrates, primarily provided by nectar and honey, are essential for energy, while proteins, primarily from pollen, are crucial for growth and development. Malnutrition can lead to reduced brood production, impaired adult quality, and colony mortality. The article discusses the effects of starvation, monocultures, genetically modified crops, and pesticide residues on honey bee health. It emphasizes the need for balanced nutrition and the importance of diverse pollen sources to support colony health and productivity. The review also explores the potential of supplemental diets to meet nutritional requirements and improve colony survival and brood production.