Post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) is a significant challenge in the swine industry, causing economic losses due to increased mortality and reduced growth rates. Traditional methods of controlling PWD, such as antibiotics and high doses of zinc oxide and copper sulfate, have led to bacterial resistance and environmental concerns. This review examines the mechanisms of intestinal fluid and electrolyte absorption and secretion in piglets, focusing on the role of dietary factors in PWD. Key factors contributing to PWD include high crude protein (CP) levels, antigenic proteins, acid-binding capacity (ABC), and contamination with deoxynivalenol (DON). Reducing CP levels, selecting feedstuffs with lower ABC values, and processing feedstuffs using physical, chemical, and biological methods are effective strategies to mitigate PWD. Additionally, dietary supplementation with vitamins and natural products can also help reduce diarrhea incidence. The review highlights the importance of these nutritional strategies in controlling PWD and provides insights into future research directions.Post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) is a significant challenge in the swine industry, causing economic losses due to increased mortality and reduced growth rates. Traditional methods of controlling PWD, such as antibiotics and high doses of zinc oxide and copper sulfate, have led to bacterial resistance and environmental concerns. This review examines the mechanisms of intestinal fluid and electrolyte absorption and secretion in piglets, focusing on the role of dietary factors in PWD. Key factors contributing to PWD include high crude protein (CP) levels, antigenic proteins, acid-binding capacity (ABC), and contamination with deoxynivalenol (DON). Reducing CP levels, selecting feedstuffs with lower ABC values, and processing feedstuffs using physical, chemical, and biological methods are effective strategies to mitigate PWD. Additionally, dietary supplementation with vitamins and natural products can also help reduce diarrhea incidence. The review highlights the importance of these nutritional strategies in controlling PWD and provides insights into future research directions.