Observation of Floquet states in graphene

Observation of Floquet states in graphene

19 Apr 2024 | Marco Merboldt, Michael Schüler, David Schmitt, Jan Philipp Bange, Wiebke Bennecke, Karun Gadge, Klaus Pierz, Hans Werner Schumacher, Davood Momeni, Daniel Steil, Salvatore R. Manmana, Michael A. Sentef, Marcel Reutzel, Stefan Mathias
The article presents a direct experimental demonstration of Floquet engineering in monolayer graphene using time-resolved momentum microscopy. The authors use linearly polarized infrared driving light fields to coherently dress the graphene and then probe the energy-momentum dispersion of the light-dressed band structure with extreme ultraviolet (EUV) laser pulses. By comparing the measured and calculated ARPES maps, they identify energy- and momentum-resolved fingerprints of Floquet sidebands, Volkov sidebands, and their quantum path interference. Specifically, they show that the quantum path interference between Floquet and Volkov states is a powerful tool to unambiguously identify light-dressed band structures. The results provide strong evidence for the successful generation of Floquet states in graphene, paving the way for experimental realization of theoretical proposals on Floquet-engineered band structures and topological phases in quantum materials.The article presents a direct experimental demonstration of Floquet engineering in monolayer graphene using time-resolved momentum microscopy. The authors use linearly polarized infrared driving light fields to coherently dress the graphene and then probe the energy-momentum dispersion of the light-dressed band structure with extreme ultraviolet (EUV) laser pulses. By comparing the measured and calculated ARPES maps, they identify energy- and momentum-resolved fingerprints of Floquet sidebands, Volkov sidebands, and their quantum path interference. Specifically, they show that the quantum path interference between Floquet and Volkov states is a powerful tool to unambiguously identify light-dressed band structures. The results provide strong evidence for the successful generation of Floquet states in graphene, paving the way for experimental realization of theoretical proposals on Floquet-engineered band structures and topological phases in quantum materials.
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