Observation of the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect in Graphene

Observation of the Fractional Quantum Hall Effect in Graphene

| Kirill I. Bolotin*, Fereshte Ghahari*, Michael D. Shulman, Horst L. Stormer & Philip Kim
The paper reports the observation of the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) in ultraclean suspended graphene, a significant advancement in the study of correlated two-dimensional (2D) electronic systems. The authors, from Columbia University, demonstrate that strongly correlated electron states exist in graphene under a magnetic field, supporting the existence of FQHE. They observe a state at a fractional filling factor of \( v = 1/3 \) and candidates for other possible FQHE states. Additionally, at low carrier density, graphene exhibits an insulating state with an energy gap tunable by the magnetic field. These findings open new avenues for studying strongly correlated Dirac fermions in large magnetic fields, potentially enabling exotic device schemes such as topologically protected quantum computing. The study uses two-terminal suspended graphene devices, which are more robust and have higher carrier mobilities compared to traditional multiprobe specimens, allowing for the observation of FQHE at relatively low magnetic fields. The results highlight the enhanced electron-electron interactions in suspended graphene due to reduced dielectric screening, leading to larger energy gaps and more robust FQHEs.The paper reports the observation of the fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) in ultraclean suspended graphene, a significant advancement in the study of correlated two-dimensional (2D) electronic systems. The authors, from Columbia University, demonstrate that strongly correlated electron states exist in graphene under a magnetic field, supporting the existence of FQHE. They observe a state at a fractional filling factor of \( v = 1/3 \) and candidates for other possible FQHE states. Additionally, at low carrier density, graphene exhibits an insulating state with an energy gap tunable by the magnetic field. These findings open new avenues for studying strongly correlated Dirac fermions in large magnetic fields, potentially enabling exotic device schemes such as topologically protected quantum computing. The study uses two-terminal suspended graphene devices, which are more robust and have higher carrier mobilities compared to traditional multiprobe specimens, allowing for the observation of FQHE at relatively low magnetic fields. The results highlight the enhanced electron-electron interactions in suspended graphene due to reduced dielectric screening, leading to larger energy gaps and more robust FQHEs.
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