Observation of topological frequency combs

Observation of topological frequency combs

8 Apr 2024 | Christopher J. Flower,1,* Mahmoud Jalali Mehrabad,1,* Lida Xu,1,* Gregory Moille,1 Daniel G. Suarez-Forero,1 Oğulcan Örsel,2 Gaurav Bahl,2 Yanne Chembo,3 Kartik Srinivasan,1 Sunil Mittal,4,* and Mohammad Hafezi1,4
The paper presents the experimental demonstration of topological frequency combs generated in a two-dimensional (2D) lattice of nonlinear ring resonators. These combs, which are confined to the edge bands of the lattice, exhibit a nested structure with multiple longitudinal modes. The system is designed to simulate the anomalous quantum Hall (AQH) model for photons, featuring chiral edge states that are robust against fabrication imperfections. By pumping the lattice within the topological edge band, the researchers observed the generation of a nested frequency comb with a bandwidth of approximately 250 nm and a contrast of about 65 dB. High-resolution imaging confirmed that the generated light is spatially confined to the lattice edge, demonstrating the preservation of topology even in the presence of strong nonlinearity. This work opens new avenues for exploring the interplay between topology and nonlinear systems, with potential applications in spectroscopy, precision timekeeping, and optical neural networks.The paper presents the experimental demonstration of topological frequency combs generated in a two-dimensional (2D) lattice of nonlinear ring resonators. These combs, which are confined to the edge bands of the lattice, exhibit a nested structure with multiple longitudinal modes. The system is designed to simulate the anomalous quantum Hall (AQH) model for photons, featuring chiral edge states that are robust against fabrication imperfections. By pumping the lattice within the topological edge band, the researchers observed the generation of a nested frequency comb with a bandwidth of approximately 250 nm and a contrast of about 65 dB. High-resolution imaging confirmed that the generated light is spatially confined to the lattice edge, demonstrating the preservation of topology even in the presence of strong nonlinearity. This work opens new avenues for exploring the interplay between topology and nonlinear systems, with potential applications in spectroscopy, precision timekeeping, and optical neural networks.
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