The article by Bergeret, Volkov, and Efetov explores novel effects in superconductor-ferromagnet (S/F) structures, focusing on the odd triplet component (TC) of the condensate. This component is odd in frequency and even in momentum, making it insensitive to non-magnetic impurities. If the exchange field is not homogeneous, the TC can penetrate the ferromagnet over long distances, even if the exchange field is strong. The authors discuss several other effects caused by the proximity effect, including enhanced Josephson currents, induction of magnetic moments in superconductors, and formation of periodic magnetic structures. They compare theoretical predictions with experimental results, highlighting the importance of non-homogeneous exchange fields in generating these exotic phenomena. The review covers the basic features of the proximity effect in S/N and S/F structures, the density of states, and the critical temperature and Josephson current in S/F systems. It also delves into the properties of odd triplet superconductivity and the inverse proximity effect, where superconductivity can induce magnetic moments in ferromagnets. The article aims to stimulate further experimental research in this area.The article by Bergeret, Volkov, and Efetov explores novel effects in superconductor-ferromagnet (S/F) structures, focusing on the odd triplet component (TC) of the condensate. This component is odd in frequency and even in momentum, making it insensitive to non-magnetic impurities. If the exchange field is not homogeneous, the TC can penetrate the ferromagnet over long distances, even if the exchange field is strong. The authors discuss several other effects caused by the proximity effect, including enhanced Josephson currents, induction of magnetic moments in superconductors, and formation of periodic magnetic structures. They compare theoretical predictions with experimental results, highlighting the importance of non-homogeneous exchange fields in generating these exotic phenomena. The review covers the basic features of the proximity effect in S/N and S/F structures, the density of states, and the critical temperature and Josephson current in S/F systems. It also delves into the properties of odd triplet superconductivity and the inverse proximity effect, where superconductivity can induce magnetic moments in ferromagnets. The article aims to stimulate further experimental research in this area.