This paper critically evaluates various methods used to measure inequalities in health, suggesting that only the slope index of inequality and the concentration index provide an accurate picture of socioeconomic inequalities. The paper also highlights the limitations of other measures such as the range, the Lorenz curve, and the index of dissimilarity. It provides empirical examples to illustrate these issues and demonstrates how these measures can be used to assess trends and cross-country differences in morbidity and mortality inequalities. The concentration index is shown to be particularly useful for visualizing and comparing inequalities across countries or over time, especially when grouped data are used and group sizes vary. The paper concludes by discussing the choice of morbidity and mortality indicators and their impact on inequality measurements.This paper critically evaluates various methods used to measure inequalities in health, suggesting that only the slope index of inequality and the concentration index provide an accurate picture of socioeconomic inequalities. The paper also highlights the limitations of other measures such as the range, the Lorenz curve, and the index of dissimilarity. It provides empirical examples to illustrate these issues and demonstrates how these measures can be used to assess trends and cross-country differences in morbidity and mortality inequalities. The concentration index is shown to be particularly useful for visualizing and comparing inequalities across countries or over time, especially when grouped data are used and group sizes vary. The paper concludes by discussing the choice of morbidity and mortality indicators and their impact on inequality measurements.