Optical Hyperlens: Far-field imaging beyond the diffraction limit

Optical Hyperlens: Far-field imaging beyond the diffraction limit

31 Jul 2006 | Zubin Jacob, Leonid V. Alekseyev and Evgenii Narimanov
This paper proposes a hyperlens, a device that enables far-field optical imaging beyond the diffraction limit. The hyperlens uses strongly anisotropic metamaterials with opposite signs of the two permittivity tensor components, ε∥ and ε⊥. These materials support propagating waves with very large wavenumbers, allowing for subwavelength resolution. The hyperlens utilizes cylindrical geometry to magnify subwavelength features, converting evanescent waves into propagating waves for detection and processing. This enables the hyperlens to capture and process subwavelength information, resulting in an image with resolution far below the diffraction limit. The hyperlens is fabricated using existing metamaterial technologies adapted to a cylindrical geometry. It is robust against material losses and can be used to produce a direct optical far field image that includes subwavelength features. The device works by converting the information carried by evanescent fields into a portion of the propagating spectrum, allowing for the detection and processing of these waves in the far field. The hyperlens is capable of magnification and can be combined with an evanescent wave enhancer to further improve resolution. Numerical simulations show that the hyperlens can resolve objects with distances below the diffraction limit, demonstrating its ability to achieve subwavelength resolution. The resolution of the hyperlens is determined by the effective wavelength at the core and is given by Δ ∝ (R_inner/R_outer)λ. The hyperlens is not significantly affected by material losses due to its non-resonant nature. The hyperlens is a promising technology for applications such as biological microscopy, where high-resolution imaging of subwavelength features is required. It offers a way to overcome the diffraction limit and enable imaging with resolution far below the traditional λ/2 limit. The hyperlens is a significant advancement in optical imaging, demonstrating the potential of metamaterials to enable new imaging technologies.This paper proposes a hyperlens, a device that enables far-field optical imaging beyond the diffraction limit. The hyperlens uses strongly anisotropic metamaterials with opposite signs of the two permittivity tensor components, ε∥ and ε⊥. These materials support propagating waves with very large wavenumbers, allowing for subwavelength resolution. The hyperlens utilizes cylindrical geometry to magnify subwavelength features, converting evanescent waves into propagating waves for detection and processing. This enables the hyperlens to capture and process subwavelength information, resulting in an image with resolution far below the diffraction limit. The hyperlens is fabricated using existing metamaterial technologies adapted to a cylindrical geometry. It is robust against material losses and can be used to produce a direct optical far field image that includes subwavelength features. The device works by converting the information carried by evanescent fields into a portion of the propagating spectrum, allowing for the detection and processing of these waves in the far field. The hyperlens is capable of magnification and can be combined with an evanescent wave enhancer to further improve resolution. Numerical simulations show that the hyperlens can resolve objects with distances below the diffraction limit, demonstrating its ability to achieve subwavelength resolution. The resolution of the hyperlens is determined by the effective wavelength at the core and is given by Δ ∝ (R_inner/R_outer)λ. The hyperlens is not significantly affected by material losses due to its non-resonant nature. The hyperlens is a promising technology for applications such as biological microscopy, where high-resolution imaging of subwavelength features is required. It offers a way to overcome the diffraction limit and enable imaging with resolution far below the traditional λ/2 limit. The hyperlens is a significant advancement in optical imaging, demonstrating the potential of metamaterials to enable new imaging technologies.
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