The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics fails to explain dark matter and the survival of matter after the Big Bang. Extensions like weak-scale Supersymmetry may address these issues by introducing new particles and interactions that violate time-reversal symmetry (T). These theories predict a small electron electric dipole moment (EDM), $d_e$, which is sensitive to T-violating physics. Using thorium monoxide (ThO) molecules, the authors measure $d_e = (-2.1 \pm 3.7_{\text{stat}} \pm 2.5_{\text{sys}}) \times 10^{-29}$ e cm, setting an upper limit of $|d_e| < 8.7 \times 10^{-29}$ e cm at 90% confidence. This result improves the sensitivity by an order of magnitude compared to previous measurements. The high internal effective electric field ($\mathcal{E}_{\text{eff}}$) in ThO molecules allows precise measurement of $d_e$ through the energy shift $U = -d_e \cdot \mathcal{E}_{\text{eff}}$. The experiment involves spin precession measurements in a cryogenic buffer gas beam, where the spin state is prepared and read out using optical pumping and lasers. Systematic errors are minimized through various techniques, including polarization gradient correction and laser alignment improvements. The final result constrains T-violating physics at the TeV energy scale, providing insights into new particle physics beyond the SM.The Standard Model (SM) of particle physics fails to explain dark matter and the survival of matter after the Big Bang. Extensions like weak-scale Supersymmetry may address these issues by introducing new particles and interactions that violate time-reversal symmetry (T). These theories predict a small electron electric dipole moment (EDM), $d_e$, which is sensitive to T-violating physics. Using thorium monoxide (ThO) molecules, the authors measure $d_e = (-2.1 \pm 3.7_{\text{stat}} \pm 2.5_{\text{sys}}) \times 10^{-29}$ e cm, setting an upper limit of $|d_e| < 8.7 \times 10^{-29}$ e cm at 90% confidence. This result improves the sensitivity by an order of magnitude compared to previous measurements. The high internal effective electric field ($\mathcal{E}_{\text{eff}}$) in ThO molecules allows precise measurement of $d_e$ through the energy shift $U = -d_e \cdot \mathcal{E}_{\text{eff}}$. The experiment involves spin precession measurements in a cryogenic buffer gas beam, where the spin state is prepared and read out using optical pumping and lasers. Systematic errors are minimized through various techniques, including polarization gradient correction and laser alignment improvements. The final result constrains T-violating physics at the TeV energy scale, providing insights into new particle physics beyond the SM.