This paper provides an overview of the electromagnetic analysis and developments in permanent magnet (PM) motors, focusing on their efficiency gains and high-speed applications. It highlights the importance of PM materials in improving the performance of electric machines, particularly in electric vehicles (EVs). The paper discusses various PM motor topologies, including inner and outer rotor configurations, surface-mounted PM motors, and interior PM motors. It also explores the challenges and advancements in PM motor design, such as demagnetization, thermal behavior, and mechanical stress. The paper reviews experimental validation methods and numerical techniques, including finite element analysis, to accurately model and simulate PM motor behavior. Additionally, it examines the impact of different PM shapes, segmentations, and rotor geometries on motor performance, and presents case studies and optimization methods to enhance motor efficiency and reliability. The paper concludes with a summary of the key findings and trends in PM motor technology, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary optimization and advanced materials to address environmental and energy efficiency challenges.This paper provides an overview of the electromagnetic analysis and developments in permanent magnet (PM) motors, focusing on their efficiency gains and high-speed applications. It highlights the importance of PM materials in improving the performance of electric machines, particularly in electric vehicles (EVs). The paper discusses various PM motor topologies, including inner and outer rotor configurations, surface-mounted PM motors, and interior PM motors. It also explores the challenges and advancements in PM motor design, such as demagnetization, thermal behavior, and mechanical stress. The paper reviews experimental validation methods and numerical techniques, including finite element analysis, to accurately model and simulate PM motor behavior. Additionally, it examines the impact of different PM shapes, segmentations, and rotor geometries on motor performance, and presents case studies and optimization methods to enhance motor efficiency and reliability. The paper concludes with a summary of the key findings and trends in PM motor technology, emphasizing the need for interdisciplinary optimization and advanced materials to address environmental and energy efficiency challenges.