The paper discusses the evolution of evolvability, focusing on the genotype-phenotype map and its role in complex adaptations. It highlights the importance of modularity in evolutionary biology and evolutionary computation. The genotype-phenotype map determines the variability of characters, which is crucial for adaptation. The paper compares evolutionary biology and evolutionary computer science, noting that the Darwinian process of mutation, recombination, and selection is not universally effective in improving complex systems. Evolvability depends on how genetic variation maps onto phenotypic variation, an issue known as the representation problem. The paper suggests that the genotype-phenotype map can evolve through epistatic mutations or the creation of new genes. Modularity is a key feature of organismic design, allowing for the evolution of complex adaptations by limiting interference between different functions. The paper also discusses the genetic control of variability and the evolution of modularity, emphasizing the role of selection in shaping the genotype-phenotype map. The study of the genotype-phenotype map has been advanced by evolutionary computation, which has shown that the representation of candidate solutions as data structures is crucial for successful adaptation. The paper concludes that the genotype-phenotype map is under genetic control and can evolve, providing a framework for understanding various evolutionary phenomena.The paper discusses the evolution of evolvability, focusing on the genotype-phenotype map and its role in complex adaptations. It highlights the importance of modularity in evolutionary biology and evolutionary computation. The genotype-phenotype map determines the variability of characters, which is crucial for adaptation. The paper compares evolutionary biology and evolutionary computer science, noting that the Darwinian process of mutation, recombination, and selection is not universally effective in improving complex systems. Evolvability depends on how genetic variation maps onto phenotypic variation, an issue known as the representation problem. The paper suggests that the genotype-phenotype map can evolve through epistatic mutations or the creation of new genes. Modularity is a key feature of organismic design, allowing for the evolution of complex adaptations by limiting interference between different functions. The paper also discusses the genetic control of variability and the evolution of modularity, emphasizing the role of selection in shaping the genotype-phenotype map. The study of the genotype-phenotype map has been advanced by evolutionary computation, which has shown that the representation of candidate solutions as data structures is crucial for successful adaptation. The paper concludes that the genotype-phenotype map is under genetic control and can evolve, providing a framework for understanding various evolutionary phenomena.