The paper introduces PRESENT, an ultra-lightweight block cipher designed for extremely resource-constrained environments such as RFID tags and sensor networks. The design emphasizes both security and hardware efficiency, with a focus on simplicity and compactness. PRESENT is a 64-bit block cipher with an 80-bit key, consisting of 31 rounds, each including an XOR operation, a linear bitwise permutation, and a non-linear substitution layer using a single 4-bit S-box. The cipher is analyzed for differential and linear cryptanalysis, showing strong resistance with lower bounds on the number of active S-boxes required for effective attacks. Practical implementation results are presented, demonstrating that PRESENT can be synthesized with 1570 gate equivalents (GE) for encryption-only mode, achieving a power consumption of 5μW. The paper concludes by highlighting the theoretical and practical significance of PRESENT, encouraging further analysis and deployment in specific applications.The paper introduces PRESENT, an ultra-lightweight block cipher designed for extremely resource-constrained environments such as RFID tags and sensor networks. The design emphasizes both security and hardware efficiency, with a focus on simplicity and compactness. PRESENT is a 64-bit block cipher with an 80-bit key, consisting of 31 rounds, each including an XOR operation, a linear bitwise permutation, and a non-linear substitution layer using a single 4-bit S-box. The cipher is analyzed for differential and linear cryptanalysis, showing strong resistance with lower bounds on the number of active S-boxes required for effective attacks. Practical implementation results are presented, demonstrating that PRESENT can be synthesized with 1570 gate equivalents (GE) for encryption-only mode, achieving a power consumption of 5μW. The paper concludes by highlighting the theoretical and practical significance of PRESENT, encouraging further analysis and deployment in specific applications.