This study investigates the role of PTEN/mTOR signaling in the regenerative capacity of adult corticospinal neurons (CSTs) following spinal cord injury. The authors found that PTEN deletion enhances mTOR activity in corticospinal neurons, leading to increased compensatory sprouting of uninjured CST axons and successful regeneration of injured CST axons beyond a spinal cord lesion. Notably, the regenerating CST axons are capable of reforming synapses in spinal segments distal to the injury site. These findings suggest that modulating PTEN/mTOR activity could be a potential therapeutic strategy for promoting axon regeneration and functional repair after adult spinal cord injury. The study also highlights the importance of maintaining high mTOR activity in mature neurons to enable robust regenerative responses.This study investigates the role of PTEN/mTOR signaling in the regenerative capacity of adult corticospinal neurons (CSTs) following spinal cord injury. The authors found that PTEN deletion enhances mTOR activity in corticospinal neurons, leading to increased compensatory sprouting of uninjured CST axons and successful regeneration of injured CST axons beyond a spinal cord lesion. Notably, the regenerating CST axons are capable of reforming synapses in spinal segments distal to the injury site. These findings suggest that modulating PTEN/mTOR activity could be a potential therapeutic strategy for promoting axon regeneration and functional repair after adult spinal cord injury. The study also highlights the importance of maintaining high mTOR activity in mature neurons to enable robust regenerative responses.