This article discusses pain assessment in spinal surgery, emphasizing the importance of evaluating pain intensity, disability, duration, and affect. It reviews various assessment tools, including the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Graphic Rating Scale (GRS), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Verbal Rating Scale (VRS), and Pain Drawing. The VAS and GRS are considered reliable for assessing pain intensity, while the NRS and VRS are also used but less effective for detecting changes over time. Pain drawing is controversial, with some studies suggesting it may not predict surgical outcomes. Instruments to measure pain affect, such as the McGill Pain Questionnaire and Pain-O-Meter, are also discussed. The article highlights the role of psychological and psychosocial factors in chronic pain and the importance of assessing coping strategies, pain acceptance, and anxiety. It concludes that a comprehensive pain assessment should include pain intensity, disability, and affect, with more detailed tools used when necessary. The article also emphasizes the importance of considering the patient's pain history and the influence of coping strategies on pain perception and outcomes.This article discusses pain assessment in spinal surgery, emphasizing the importance of evaluating pain intensity, disability, duration, and affect. It reviews various assessment tools, including the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Graphic Rating Scale (GRS), Numerical Rating Scale (NRS), Verbal Rating Scale (VRS), and Pain Drawing. The VAS and GRS are considered reliable for assessing pain intensity, while the NRS and VRS are also used but less effective for detecting changes over time. Pain drawing is controversial, with some studies suggesting it may not predict surgical outcomes. Instruments to measure pain affect, such as the McGill Pain Questionnaire and Pain-O-Meter, are also discussed. The article highlights the role of psychological and psychosocial factors in chronic pain and the importance of assessing coping strategies, pain acceptance, and anxiety. It concludes that a comprehensive pain assessment should include pain intensity, disability, and affect, with more detailed tools used when necessary. The article also emphasizes the importance of considering the patient's pain history and the influence of coping strategies on pain perception and outcomes.