The article "Pan-Genome Plasticity and Virulence Factors: A Natural Treasure Trove for Acinetobacter baumannii" by Theodoros Karampatakis, Katerina Tsergouli, and Payam Behzadi discusses the genomic and virulence characteristics of *Acinetobacter baumannii*. *A. baumannii* is a Gram-negative pathogen that causes a variety of infections, particularly in hospitalized and immunocompromised individuals. It is part of the ESKAPE group, known for its high genomic plasticity and ability to acquire mobile genetic elements (MGEs) through horizontal genetic transfer (HGT). The authors highlight the bacterium's rich pool of virulence factors, which contribute to its pathogenicity. They also emphasize the importance of pan-genomics in understanding the diversity and evolution of *A. baumannii* strains. The article covers various aspects of *A. baumannii*, including its genome structure, resistance mechanisms, and the role of MGEs in gene exchange. Additionally, it details the bacterium's virulence factors, such as capsular polysaccharides, efflux pumps, lipopolysaccharides, outer membrane proteins, pili, metal ion uptake systems, two-component systems, and secretion systems. The authors conclude by discussing the potential of using *A. baumannii* as a natural treasure trove to develop strategies against its global public health concerns.The article "Pan-Genome Plasticity and Virulence Factors: A Natural Treasure Trove for Acinetobacter baumannii" by Theodoros Karampatakis, Katerina Tsergouli, and Payam Behzadi discusses the genomic and virulence characteristics of *Acinetobacter baumannii*. *A. baumannii* is a Gram-negative pathogen that causes a variety of infections, particularly in hospitalized and immunocompromised individuals. It is part of the ESKAPE group, known for its high genomic plasticity and ability to acquire mobile genetic elements (MGEs) through horizontal genetic transfer (HGT). The authors highlight the bacterium's rich pool of virulence factors, which contribute to its pathogenicity. They also emphasize the importance of pan-genomics in understanding the diversity and evolution of *A. baumannii* strains. The article covers various aspects of *A. baumannii*, including its genome structure, resistance mechanisms, and the role of MGEs in gene exchange. Additionally, it details the bacterium's virulence factors, such as capsular polysaccharides, efflux pumps, lipopolysaccharides, outer membrane proteins, pili, metal ion uptake systems, two-component systems, and secretion systems. The authors conclude by discussing the potential of using *A. baumannii* as a natural treasure trove to develop strategies against its global public health concerns.