The article by Harald zur Hausen discusses the link between human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and cervical cancer, highlighting the significant role of HPV oncogenes in the transformation and immortalization of cervical cells. The epidemiological studies have established HPV as the primary etiological factor for cervical cancer. The development of clinical approaches to prevent, screen, and treat cervical cancer is also discussed, focusing on the identification and isolation of specific HPV types, such as HPV16 and HPV18, and the subsequent development of vaccines and screening methods. The article emphasizes the importance of HPV research in cancer prevention and the potential of HPV vaccines to reduce cervical cancer incidence globally. Additionally, it explores various therapeutic strategies, including immunotherapy, immunomodulatory therapy, molecular and chemotherapy, and the use of virus-like particles (VLPs) for both preventive and therapeutic purposes. The future directions and conclusions highlight the promising prospects of HPV research in controlling HPV-linked cancers.The article by Harald zur Hausen discusses the link between human papillomaviruses (HPVs) and cervical cancer, highlighting the significant role of HPV oncogenes in the transformation and immortalization of cervical cells. The epidemiological studies have established HPV as the primary etiological factor for cervical cancer. The development of clinical approaches to prevent, screen, and treat cervical cancer is also discussed, focusing on the identification and isolation of specific HPV types, such as HPV16 and HPV18, and the subsequent development of vaccines and screening methods. The article emphasizes the importance of HPV research in cancer prevention and the potential of HPV vaccines to reduce cervical cancer incidence globally. Additionally, it explores various therapeutic strategies, including immunotherapy, immunomodulatory therapy, molecular and chemotherapy, and the use of virus-like particles (VLPs) for both preventive and therapeutic purposes. The future directions and conclusions highlight the promising prospects of HPV research in controlling HPV-linked cancers.