A study published in *Nature Neuroscience* (2014) reveals that parental olfactory experiences can influence the behavior and neural structure of subsequent generations. Researchers conditioned male mice (F0) to associate an odor (acetophenone) with a mild shock. Subsequent generations (F1 and F2) showed heightened sensitivity to the same odor, indicating transgenerational inheritance of olfactory memory. This effect was accompanied by enhanced neuroanatomical representation of the olfactory pathway involved in detecting acetophenone. Epigenetic analysis of sperm DNA revealed hypomethylation of the gene encoding the odorant receptor Olfr151 in F0 males conditioned to acetophenone, suggesting that this modification is inherited by offspring. These findings support the idea that environmental experiences can be passed on through epigenetic mechanisms, influencing behavior and neural structure across generations. The study also shows that these effects are inherited via gametes and not through social transmission. Behavioral and neuroanatomical changes were observed in F2 and IVF-derived generations, indicating that the effects persist across multiple generations. Cross-fostering experiments further confirmed that the effects are biological rather than social. The study highlights the potential for transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of environmental information, with implications for understanding the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. The research underscores the importance of parental experiences in shaping the nervous system of offspring, even before conception.A study published in *Nature Neuroscience* (2014) reveals that parental olfactory experiences can influence the behavior and neural structure of subsequent generations. Researchers conditioned male mice (F0) to associate an odor (acetophenone) with a mild shock. Subsequent generations (F1 and F2) showed heightened sensitivity to the same odor, indicating transgenerational inheritance of olfactory memory. This effect was accompanied by enhanced neuroanatomical representation of the olfactory pathway involved in detecting acetophenone. Epigenetic analysis of sperm DNA revealed hypomethylation of the gene encoding the odorant receptor Olfr151 in F0 males conditioned to acetophenone, suggesting that this modification is inherited by offspring. These findings support the idea that environmental experiences can be passed on through epigenetic mechanisms, influencing behavior and neural structure across generations. The study also shows that these effects are inherited via gametes and not through social transmission. Behavioral and neuroanatomical changes were observed in F2 and IVF-derived generations, indicating that the effects persist across multiple generations. Cross-fostering experiments further confirmed that the effects are biological rather than social. The study highlights the potential for transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of environmental information, with implications for understanding the etiology of neuropsychiatric disorders. The research underscores the importance of parental experiences in shaping the nervous system of offspring, even before conception.