The paper presents a novel approach to enhance nonlinear optical signal processing (NOSP) using parity-time (PT) symmetry in microresonator systems. The authors propose a dual-coupled microresonator design that leverages PT symmetry to manipulate the linewidth of the resonators, enabling high-intensity light fields and supporting high-speed operation. This design significantly improves the efficiency of NOSP systems by breaking the bandwidth-efficiency limit imposed by conventional single-resonator systems. The system demonstrates a data rate of 38 Gbit/s with a pump power of only 1 mW, achieving a record low power penalty and a broad wavelength conversion bandwidth of over 170 nm. The findings pave the way for fully chip-scale NOSP devices with integrated pump sources, offering potential applications in optical communication networks and classical or quantum computing. The combination of PT symmetry and NOSP may also open up opportunities for amplification, detection, and sensing, where response speed and efficiency are crucial.The paper presents a novel approach to enhance nonlinear optical signal processing (NOSP) using parity-time (PT) symmetry in microresonator systems. The authors propose a dual-coupled microresonator design that leverages PT symmetry to manipulate the linewidth of the resonators, enabling high-intensity light fields and supporting high-speed operation. This design significantly improves the efficiency of NOSP systems by breaking the bandwidth-efficiency limit imposed by conventional single-resonator systems. The system demonstrates a data rate of 38 Gbit/s with a pump power of only 1 mW, achieving a record low power penalty and a broad wavelength conversion bandwidth of over 170 nm. The findings pave the way for fully chip-scale NOSP devices with integrated pump sources, offering potential applications in optical communication networks and classical or quantum computing. The combination of PT symmetry and NOSP may also open up opportunities for amplification, detection, and sensing, where response speed and efficiency are crucial.