Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the accumulation of Lewy bodies (LB). Mutations in the *PARK7* gene, which encodes the protein DJ-1, are associated with autosomal recessive early-onset PD. DJ-1, initially discovered as an oncogene in 1997, plays a crucial role in neuroprotection and oxidative stress management. It acts as an antioxidant, regulates mitochondrial function, and modulates apoptosis and autophagy. Oxidized DJ-1, found in both idiopathic and hereditary PD, can serve as a biomarker. Therapeutic approaches targeting DJ-1 aim to inhibit oxidative stress-induced neuronal cell death, offering potential for early diagnosis and treatment. Despite extensive research, the exact mechanisms of DJ-1 in PD pathogenesis remain partially understood, highlighting the need for further investigation.Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic and progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and the accumulation of Lewy bodies (LB). Mutations in the *PARK7* gene, which encodes the protein DJ-1, are associated with autosomal recessive early-onset PD. DJ-1, initially discovered as an oncogene in 1997, plays a crucial role in neuroprotection and oxidative stress management. It acts as an antioxidant, regulates mitochondrial function, and modulates apoptosis and autophagy. Oxidized DJ-1, found in both idiopathic and hereditary PD, can serve as a biomarker. Therapeutic approaches targeting DJ-1 aim to inhibit oxidative stress-induced neuronal cell death, offering potential for early diagnosis and treatment. Despite extensive research, the exact mechanisms of DJ-1 in PD pathogenesis remain partially understood, highlighting the need for further investigation.