This study investigates the effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in improving the learning outcomes of fifth-grade students in Citizenship Education (Ppkn) at SDN Pandeanlamper 03, Indonesia. The research is quantitative, using a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest system. The population consists of 28 students (15 female and 13 male). Data were collected through tests, and statistical analysis included normality, homogeneity, and hypothesis tests. The pretest average score was 56.59, while the posttest score was 71.07. The t-test results showed a significant improvement (p < 0.05), indicating that the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H1) accepted. The results demonstrate that PBL significantly enhances learning outcomes in Citizenship Education, particularly in the diversity material. The study concludes that PBL is effective in increasing student engagement, problem-solving abilities, and overall learning outcomes. The findings suggest that PBL should be implemented in Citizenship Education to improve student performance and active participation. The study recommends that educators consider student characteristics and needs when applying PBL to maximize learning effectiveness.This study investigates the effectiveness of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) in improving the learning outcomes of fifth-grade students in Citizenship Education (Ppkn) at SDN Pandeanlamper 03, Indonesia. The research is quantitative, using a pre-experimental design with a one-group pretest-posttest system. The population consists of 28 students (15 female and 13 male). Data were collected through tests, and statistical analysis included normality, homogeneity, and hypothesis tests. The pretest average score was 56.59, while the posttest score was 71.07. The t-test results showed a significant improvement (p < 0.05), indicating that the null hypothesis (H0) was rejected and the alternative hypothesis (H1) accepted. The results demonstrate that PBL significantly enhances learning outcomes in Citizenship Education, particularly in the diversity material. The study concludes that PBL is effective in increasing student engagement, problem-solving abilities, and overall learning outcomes. The findings suggest that PBL should be implemented in Citizenship Education to improve student performance and active participation. The study recommends that educators consider student characteristics and needs when applying PBL to maximize learning effectiveness.