The article by Lisa J. A. Heitz-Mayfield discusses the key features and differences between peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, two common complications affecting osseointegrated dental implants. Peri-implant mucositis is characterized by clinical signs of inflammation (bleeding on probing) without significant bone loss, while peri-implantitis involves both inflammation and progressive bone loss. Peri-implant probing is essential for diagnosing these conditions and should be performed at each recall visit. The article highlights the importance of early detection and timely treatment to prevent disease progression and ensure the success of dental implant therapy. It also provides detailed clinical, radiological, and histological features of both conditions, emphasizing the need for clinicians to be familiar with these differences to make accurate diagnoses and determine appropriate treatments.The article by Lisa J. A. Heitz-Mayfield discusses the key features and differences between peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis, two common complications affecting osseointegrated dental implants. Peri-implant mucositis is characterized by clinical signs of inflammation (bleeding on probing) without significant bone loss, while peri-implantitis involves both inflammation and progressive bone loss. Peri-implant probing is essential for diagnosing these conditions and should be performed at each recall visit. The article highlights the importance of early detection and timely treatment to prevent disease progression and ensure the success of dental implant therapy. It also provides detailed clinical, radiological, and histological features of both conditions, emphasizing the need for clinicians to be familiar with these differences to make accurate diagnoses and determine appropriate treatments.