The article "Perovskite Materials for Light-Emitting Diodes and Lasers" by Veldhuis et al. (2016) reviews the rapid advancements in perovskite materials for light-emitting devices and lasers. Perovskites, with their high photoluminescence quantum yields and efficient charge transport, have emerged as promising materials for optoelectronic applications. The authors highlight the key challenges in materials development, device fabrication, and operational stability, and discuss the potential for market viability. Perovskites, with the general formula AMX₃, are known for their defect-free crystalline films and long-range charge transport, making them suitable for solar cells and light-emitting devices. The review covers the evolution of perovskite materials, including 3D and lower-dimensional layered perovskites, and their applications in light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) and lasers. It discusses the importance of material design, defect-free systems, and maximized external photoluminescence efficiencies to improve device performance. The article also explores the synthesis of different morphologies and nanostructures of perovskites, such as nanoparticles, nanoplates, and nanowires, and their impact on optical properties. It highlights the advantages of perovskites over traditional inorganic oxides, such as low energy barriers for formation and high phase purity. Additionally, the review addresses the color tunability of perovskites through anion substitution and anion exchange reactions, which can be used to achieve broad emission spectra across the visible range. The authors conclude by discussing the challenges that need to be addressed, including improving device performance, enhancing stability, and finding alternatives to Pb due to toxicity concerns.The article "Perovskite Materials for Light-Emitting Diodes and Lasers" by Veldhuis et al. (2016) reviews the rapid advancements in perovskite materials for light-emitting devices and lasers. Perovskites, with their high photoluminescence quantum yields and efficient charge transport, have emerged as promising materials for optoelectronic applications. The authors highlight the key challenges in materials development, device fabrication, and operational stability, and discuss the potential for market viability. Perovskites, with the general formula AMX₃, are known for their defect-free crystalline films and long-range charge transport, making them suitable for solar cells and light-emitting devices. The review covers the evolution of perovskite materials, including 3D and lower-dimensional layered perovskites, and their applications in light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) and lasers. It discusses the importance of material design, defect-free systems, and maximized external photoluminescence efficiencies to improve device performance. The article also explores the synthesis of different morphologies and nanostructures of perovskites, such as nanoparticles, nanoplates, and nanowires, and their impact on optical properties. It highlights the advantages of perovskites over traditional inorganic oxides, such as low energy barriers for formation and high phase purity. Additionally, the review addresses the color tunability of perovskites through anion substitution and anion exchange reactions, which can be used to achieve broad emission spectra across the visible range. The authors conclude by discussing the challenges that need to be addressed, including improving device performance, enhancing stability, and finding alternatives to Pb due to toxicity concerns.