Perovskite photonic sources

Perovskite photonic sources

2016 | Brandon R. Sutherland and Edward H. Sargent
Perovskite photonic sources, as discussed in this review, represent a promising class of materials for optoelectronic applications due to their unique properties. These materials, which have a crystal structure of the form ABX₃, are particularly notable for their high charge carrier mobility, low trap density, and tunable bandgap. These characteristics make them suitable for a variety of photonic applications, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers, and optical amplifiers. Perovskite materials, such as methylammonium lead trihalides and colloidal cesium lead halide quantum dots, have shown exceptional performance in optoelectronic devices. They exhibit high photoluminescence quantum yields, tunable emission wavelengths, and efficient charge transport. These properties have led to significant advancements in perovskite-based solar cells and have also enabled the development of perovskite-based LEDs and lasers. Perovskite LEDs have demonstrated high brightness and efficiency, with some achieving peak external quantum efficiencies of up to 8.5% and peak luminance of 20,000 cd/m². Perovskite lasers have also been developed, with some achieving low lasing thresholds and high quality factors. These lasers utilize perovskite materials in various configurations, including Fabry-Pérot cavities and whispering gallery mode (WGM) cavities. In addition to LEDs and lasers, perovskites have shown promise in optical amplifiers and nonlinear emission sources. They have been used in amplifying waveguides and have demonstrated efficient multiphoton stimulated emission. However, challenges remain in achieving continuous-wave and electrically-driven lasing, as well as in improving the stability and efficiency of perovskite-based devices. The field of perovskite photonic sources is still in its early stages, but it holds great potential for future optoelectronic applications. Ongoing research aims to overcome the challenges associated with perovskite materials, such as their sensitivity to environmental factors and the need for further improvements in device stability and performance. Despite these challenges, perovskites are considered a leading candidate for next-generation on-chip optical sources due to their unique properties and potential for low-cost, high-performance optoelectronic devices.Perovskite photonic sources, as discussed in this review, represent a promising class of materials for optoelectronic applications due to their unique properties. These materials, which have a crystal structure of the form ABX₃, are particularly notable for their high charge carrier mobility, low trap density, and tunable bandgap. These characteristics make them suitable for a variety of photonic applications, including light-emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers, and optical amplifiers. Perovskite materials, such as methylammonium lead trihalides and colloidal cesium lead halide quantum dots, have shown exceptional performance in optoelectronic devices. They exhibit high photoluminescence quantum yields, tunable emission wavelengths, and efficient charge transport. These properties have led to significant advancements in perovskite-based solar cells and have also enabled the development of perovskite-based LEDs and lasers. Perovskite LEDs have demonstrated high brightness and efficiency, with some achieving peak external quantum efficiencies of up to 8.5% and peak luminance of 20,000 cd/m². Perovskite lasers have also been developed, with some achieving low lasing thresholds and high quality factors. These lasers utilize perovskite materials in various configurations, including Fabry-Pérot cavities and whispering gallery mode (WGM) cavities. In addition to LEDs and lasers, perovskites have shown promise in optical amplifiers and nonlinear emission sources. They have been used in amplifying waveguides and have demonstrated efficient multiphoton stimulated emission. However, challenges remain in achieving continuous-wave and electrically-driven lasing, as well as in improving the stability and efficiency of perovskite-based devices. The field of perovskite photonic sources is still in its early stages, but it holds great potential for future optoelectronic applications. Ongoing research aims to overcome the challenges associated with perovskite materials, such as their sensitivity to environmental factors and the need for further improvements in device stability and performance. Despite these challenges, perovskites are considered a leading candidate for next-generation on-chip optical sources due to their unique properties and potential for low-cost, high-performance optoelectronic devices.
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