Doctors are more than just passively receiving clinical evidence; they use personal knowledge and experience in decision-making. A study by Choudry and colleagues found that doctors who had experienced adverse events with warfarin were less likely to prescribe it to subsequent patients with atrial fibrillation. This suggests that personal experiences can influence prescribing decisions. Doctors engage in an "inner consultation" with evidence, using both logical and intuitive methods. This process is influenced by cognitive biases, such as the availability heuristic and the chagrin factor, which affect how doctors make decisions. Personal significance, a third dimension in clinical decision-making, reflects the mutual understanding between doctors and patients. The concept of personal knowledge is central to understanding how doctors interpret and apply medical information. Doctors have their own perspectives, shaped by their experiences and beliefs, which influence their clinical decisions. The interaction between biomedical knowledge and personal experience is essential in medical consultations. The study highlights the importance of personal knowledge in clinical practice and the need for a more nuanced understanding of how doctors make decisions. The paper also discusses the challenges of using personal health information in medical research, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that respects patient privacy while facilitating research. Overly strict regulations can hinder research, but there are reasonable exceptions to the requirement for patient consent. The balance between protecting patient privacy and enabling research is crucial, and the role of ethics committees in this process is important. The paper argues for a clearer framework for using personal health data in research, emphasizing the need for public engagement and empirical research on these issues.Doctors are more than just passively receiving clinical evidence; they use personal knowledge and experience in decision-making. A study by Choudry and colleagues found that doctors who had experienced adverse events with warfarin were less likely to prescribe it to subsequent patients with atrial fibrillation. This suggests that personal experiences can influence prescribing decisions. Doctors engage in an "inner consultation" with evidence, using both logical and intuitive methods. This process is influenced by cognitive biases, such as the availability heuristic and the chagrin factor, which affect how doctors make decisions. Personal significance, a third dimension in clinical decision-making, reflects the mutual understanding between doctors and patients. The concept of personal knowledge is central to understanding how doctors interpret and apply medical information. Doctors have their own perspectives, shaped by their experiences and beliefs, which influence their clinical decisions. The interaction between biomedical knowledge and personal experience is essential in medical consultations. The study highlights the importance of personal knowledge in clinical practice and the need for a more nuanced understanding of how doctors make decisions. The paper also discusses the challenges of using personal health information in medical research, emphasizing the need for a balanced approach that respects patient privacy while facilitating research. Overly strict regulations can hinder research, but there are reasonable exceptions to the requirement for patient consent. The balance between protecting patient privacy and enabling research is crucial, and the role of ethics committees in this process is important. The paper argues for a clearer framework for using personal health data in research, emphasizing the need for public engagement and empirical research on these issues.