Schiff bases, characterized by the C=N bond, are important in pharmaceuticals due to their diverse biological activities. This review highlights their potential in antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral applications. Schiff bases are synthesized via condensation reactions between amines and carbonyl compounds. They exhibit various biological activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Recent studies focus on their synthesis, mechanisms, and biological effects. Schiff bases can form metal complexes with transition metals, enhancing their catalytic and biological properties. These complexes show promise in drug development, particularly in anticancer and herbicidal applications. Schiff bases also serve as efficient corrosion inhibitors due to their ability to form protective layers. Their structures can be modified to improve biological activity, such as enhancing antibacterial and antifungal effects. The review discusses various synthetic methods, characterization techniques, and biological evaluations of Schiff bases. It also covers their applications in drug development, including antiviral agents like those targeting HIV. The study emphasizes the importance of Schiff bases in pharmaceutical research, offering new avenues for drug discovery and development. Overall, Schiff bases are valuable in pharmaceutical chemistry due to their versatility and potential in drug development.Schiff bases, characterized by the C=N bond, are important in pharmaceuticals due to their diverse biological activities. This review highlights their potential in antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral applications. Schiff bases are synthesized via condensation reactions between amines and carbonyl compounds. They exhibit various biological activities, including antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Recent studies focus on their synthesis, mechanisms, and biological effects. Schiff bases can form metal complexes with transition metals, enhancing their catalytic and biological properties. These complexes show promise in drug development, particularly in anticancer and herbicidal applications. Schiff bases also serve as efficient corrosion inhibitors due to their ability to form protective layers. Their structures can be modified to improve biological activity, such as enhancing antibacterial and antifungal effects. The review discusses various synthetic methods, characterization techniques, and biological evaluations of Schiff bases. It also covers their applications in drug development, including antiviral agents like those targeting HIV. The study emphasizes the importance of Schiff bases in pharmaceutical research, offering new avenues for drug discovery and development. Overall, Schiff bases are valuable in pharmaceutical chemistry due to their versatility and potential in drug development.