This review explores the therapeutic potential of phenolic compounds in neuroprotection, focusing on their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's, are associated with oxidative stress, protein aggregation, and neuroinflammation. Phenolic compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, and curcumin, have shown neuroprotective effects in in vitro and in vivo studies. They can modulate signaling pathways involved in apoptosis, inflammation, and cell survival, and may inhibit the formation of protein aggregates. The review highlights the importance of understanding the molecular mechanisms by which phenolic compounds exert their neuroprotective effects, as well as their metabolism and bioavailability. Clinical trials have shown that some phenolic compounds, such as curcumin and resveratrol, may have therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases. However, further research is needed to fully understand their mechanisms of action and to develop effective therapeutic strategies. The review also discusses the challenges in utilizing phenolic compounds for neuroprotection, including their limited bioavailability and the need for improved delivery systems. Overall, phenolic compounds represent a promising area of research for the development of alternative treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.This review explores the therapeutic potential of phenolic compounds in neuroprotection, focusing on their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as their ability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's, are associated with oxidative stress, protein aggregation, and neuroinflammation. Phenolic compounds, including flavonoids, tannins, and curcumin, have shown neuroprotective effects in in vitro and in vivo studies. They can modulate signaling pathways involved in apoptosis, inflammation, and cell survival, and may inhibit the formation of protein aggregates. The review highlights the importance of understanding the molecular mechanisms by which phenolic compounds exert their neuroprotective effects, as well as their metabolism and bioavailability. Clinical trials have shown that some phenolic compounds, such as curcumin and resveratrol, may have therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases. However, further research is needed to fully understand their mechanisms of action and to develop effective therapeutic strategies. The review also discusses the challenges in utilizing phenolic compounds for neuroprotection, including their limited bioavailability and the need for improved delivery systems. Overall, phenolic compounds represent a promising area of research for the development of alternative treatments for neurodegenerative diseases.