Phylogeny and classification of the coffee family (Rubiaceae, Gentianales): Overview and outlook

Phylogeny and classification of the coffee family (Rubiaceae, Gentianales): Overview and outlook

June 2024 | Sylvain G. Razafimandimbison & Catarina Rydin
The coffee family (Rubiaceae) is a large and diverse family of flowering plants with over 14,000 species and 580 accepted genera. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies have significantly improved our understanding of its evolutionary history and classification. Based on 130 studies, including recent phylogenomic works, a consensus phylogeny and robust classification of Rubiaceae are presented. The family is divided into two subfamilies, Dialypetalanthoideae and Rubioideae, with 38 and 30 tribes, respectively. Three tribes remain unclassified. Sixty-three of the 71 tribes are assigned to nine informal alliances, while five tribes are excluded due to unclear phylogenetic positions. Thirty-six tribes have new generic limits to address their previous paraphyletic or polyphyletic nature. Twenty-nine tribes not previously classified have been added, three of which are newly described. The classification provides basic information on phylogenies, distributions, former classifications, and references for all accepted tribes. The study highlights the importance of molecular data in phylogenetic reconstruction and the need for updated classifications to reflect current evolutionary relationships. The family is characterized by its diverse morphological and ecological traits, with many economically important species. The study also discusses the challenges of classifying Rubiaceae based on morphological data and the role of molecular data in resolving these issues. The classification is based on monophyly as the primary criterion and includes detailed information on the phylogenetic position, geographic distribution, and taxonomic history of each tribe. The study provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the phylogeny and classification of Rubiaceae, serving as a framework for future ecological and evolutionary studies.The coffee family (Rubiaceae) is a large and diverse family of flowering plants with over 14,000 species and 580 accepted genera. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies have significantly improved our understanding of its evolutionary history and classification. Based on 130 studies, including recent phylogenomic works, a consensus phylogeny and robust classification of Rubiaceae are presented. The family is divided into two subfamilies, Dialypetalanthoideae and Rubioideae, with 38 and 30 tribes, respectively. Three tribes remain unclassified. Sixty-three of the 71 tribes are assigned to nine informal alliances, while five tribes are excluded due to unclear phylogenetic positions. Thirty-six tribes have new generic limits to address their previous paraphyletic or polyphyletic nature. Twenty-nine tribes not previously classified have been added, three of which are newly described. The classification provides basic information on phylogenies, distributions, former classifications, and references for all accepted tribes. The study highlights the importance of molecular data in phylogenetic reconstruction and the need for updated classifications to reflect current evolutionary relationships. The family is characterized by its diverse morphological and ecological traits, with many economically important species. The study also discusses the challenges of classifying Rubiaceae based on morphological data and the role of molecular data in resolving these issues. The classification is based on monophyly as the primary criterion and includes detailed information on the phylogenetic position, geographic distribution, and taxonomic history of each tribe. The study provides a comprehensive overview of the current understanding of the phylogeny and classification of Rubiaceae, serving as a framework for future ecological and evolutionary studies.
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[slides and audio] Phylogeny and classification of the coffee family (Rubiaceae%2C Gentianales)%3A Overview and outlook